Total RNA was extracted using an RNA kit and protocol (GenePharma Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China). mRNA contained in 2 µg total RNA was reverse transcribed using a Transcriptor strand cDNA synthesis kit (GenePharma Co., Ltd.). PCR amplification was performed using a
SYBRGreen PCR Master Mix (GenePharma Co., Ltd.) and the primers listed subsequently (Integrated DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid) Technologies [IDT], 300 nM). mRNA abundance was quantified using the threshold cycle method.
Collagen I: 5′-TGCTGCCTTTTCTCTCCTT-3′, 5′-AAGTGCTGGTAGGGAAT-3′;
Runx2: 5′-TGCTGGAGTGATGTGGTTTTCT-3′, 5′-CCCCTGTTGTGTTGTTTGGTAA-3′;
Aggrccan: 5′-GCATCCGAAACCCTGTAAC-3′, 5′-GGCGGTCAGCATCATAGTCC-3′;
OPN: 5′-CAAATACCCAGATGCTGTGGC-3′, 5′-TCCTGGCTGTCCACATGGAC-3′;
IRKA4: 5′-ACTTCTTGTACGAGGTGCCGCC-3′, 5′-GGGCAGGCCTGGGTCTGGCAGT-3′;
IKKα: 5′-CCGCTCGAGATGGACCGTTGCTACGATCC-3′, 5′-GGGGTACCTCAGTGCACCTGAGGCTG-3′;
IKKβ: 5′-GCCAGAAAACATCGTCCT-3′, 5′-CACCGTTCCATTCAAGTC-3′; and
NF-κB: 5′-GGAGGCATGTTCGGTAGTGG-3′, 5′-CCCTGCGTTGGATTTCGTG-3′.
Zhong C., Feng J., Lin X, & Bao Q. (2017). Continuous release of bone morphogenetic protein-2 through nano-graphene oxide-based delivery influences the activation of the NF-κB signal transduction pathway. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 12, 1215-1226.