Kieselgel

Sinapic acid, β-sitosteryl ≥70% (major impurities: campesterol and β-sitostanol), 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH, 95%), potassium persulfate, vanilin, acetic anhydride, 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP), dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid Trolox (TE), Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, potassium carbonate, and p-anisidine were obtained from Merck (Warszawa, Poland). Methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, chloroform, n-hexane, anhydrous sodium carbonate, potassium iodine, starch, chloroform, acetic acid, and hydrochloric acid were provided by Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland). TLC plates with fluorescent indicator UV₂₅₄, trade name ALUGRAM^® SIL G/UV₂₅₄ (Macherey-Nagel, Germany) and silica gel (pore size 60Å, Kieselgel, Macherey-Nagel, Germany) were purchased from Alchem (Toruń, Poland). Redistilled water was applied for preparation of all solutions.

Phenolic acids: SA, CA, and FA, β-sitosterol ≥ 70% (mainly impurities campesterol and β-sitostanol), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH, 95%), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), acetic anhydride, 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), potassium persulfate and potassium carbonate were obtained from Merck, Warszawa, Poland. Methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, chloroform, hexane, and hydrochloric acid were purchased from Chempur, Piekary Śląskie, Poland. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) plates with fluorescent indicator UV₂₅₄, trade name ALUGRAM R SIL G/UV₂₅₄ (Macherey-Nagel, Dueren, Germany) and silica gel (pore size 60Å, 230–400 mesh, Kieselgel, Macherey-Nagel, Dueren, Germany) were purchased from Alchem, Toruń, Poland.