Ah plus bioceramic

The contact angle between GP surfaces and the sealers was measured using the same optical contact angle (OCA 20; DataPhysics Instruments GmbH, Filderstadt, Germany) at room temperature. Following the manufacturer’s instructions, an epoxy resin-based sealer (Endoresin cement; Endogal, Sarria, Lugo, Spain) and a bioceramic sealer (AH Plus Bioceramic; Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland), were tested in conventional and bioceramic GP surfaces. One set of parameters (time and power) for each plasma treatment gas, that might be related to a better adhesion, such as roughness and surface free energy, will be chosen to the experimental assay.
After one drop of sealer (0.1 mL) was deposited on the GP surfaces with a 0.5 mL BD ultrafine syringe. Ten drops of the same sealer were evaluated for each plasma treatment (n = 10), being that the control group (n = 10) included samples not subjected to plasma treatment.
The sealer wettability was followed up for 1 min, using the next Eq. (2) to evaluate the sealer wettability (SW)^{17 (link)}: $$\text{SW}\left(\%\right)=\frac{\left(\text{initial}\text{angle}-\text{final}\text{angle}\right)}{\text{initial}\text{angle}}\times 100$$

The contact angle between GP surfaces and the sealers was measured using the same optical contact angle (OCA 20; DataPhysics Instruments GmbH, Filderstadt, Germany) at room temperature. Following the manufacturer’s instructions, an epoxy resin-based sealer (Endoresin cement; Endogal, Sarria, Lugo, Spain) and a bioceramic sealer (AH Plus Bioceramic; Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland), were tested in conventional and bioceramic GP surfaces. One set of parameters (time and power) for each plasma treatment gas, that might be related to a better adhesion, such as roughness and surface free energy, will be chosen to the experimental assay.
After one drop of sealer (0.1 mL) was deposited on the GP surfaces with a 0.5 mL BD ultrafine syringe. Ten drops of the same sealer were evaluated for each plasma treatment (n = 10), being that the control group (n = 10) included samples not subjected to plasma treatment.
The sealer wettability was followed up for 1 min, using the next Eq. (2) to evaluate the sealer wettability (SW)^{17 (link)}: $$\text{SW}\left(\%\right)=\frac{\left(\text{initial}\text{angle}-\text{final}\text{angle}\right)}{\text{initial}\text{angle}}\times 100$$

A conventional epoxy resin dental sealer currently available in the market, AH Plus (“AHP”, Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and two novel pre-mixed calcium silicate based sealers, AH Plus Bioceramic (“AHPB”, Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and Well-Root ST (“WRST”, Vericom, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-Do, Korea) were used in the present study as per their manufacturers’ instructions (Table 1).