L ng nitroarginine methyl ester l name

The TRPM8 antagonist AMG1161, previously published as Compound 45²⁹,(10 mg/mL) was dissolved in 2.5% methylcellulose diluted from 5% stock and was kept at room temperature prior to oral gavage. Icilin (Cayman Chemical) was prepared at a concentration of 1 nmol in polyethylene glycol-300 (PEG 300). Then 10 μL of the 1 nmol solution was injected at approximately 2 μL per second. Sumatriptan succinate (Amgen) was dissolved into saline and a dose of 0.6 mg/kg was administered via sub-cutaneous (s.c.) injection, as previously described (27 (link),30 (link)). The non-selective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (Cayman Chemical) was given at 20 mg/kg via intraperitoneal injection.

L-N^G-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME), 2-[(2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl)amino]-benzoic acid (meclofenamate), and 9,11-dideoxy-9α,11α-methanoepoxy prostaglandin F_2α (U46619) were from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Endothelin-1 was from American Peptide (Sunnyvale, CA, USA), and TNF-α was from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA). G36 was synthesized as described (Burai et al. 2010 (link); Dennis et al. 2011 (link)) and provided by Jeffrey Arterburn (New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA). All other drugs were from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). For vascular reactivity studies, stock solutions were prepared according to the manufacturer’s instructions, and diluted in physiological saline solution (PSS, composition in mmol/L: 129.8 NaCl, 5.4 KCl, 0.83 MgSO₄, 0.43 NaH₂PO₄, 19 NaHCO₃, 1.8 CaCl₂, and 5.5 glucose; pH 7.4) to the required concentrations before use. Concentrations are expressed as final molar concentration in the organ chamber.

The non-specific NOS inhibitor L-N^G-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME), iNOS-specific inhibitor N-[3-(aminomethyl)benzyl]acetamidine (1400W), NO scavenger 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO), and NO fluorophore probe 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate (DAF-2DA) were obtained from Cayman Chemicals (Ann Arbor, MI). Cayman Chemicals also supplied monoclonal antibodies against human iNOS and nNOS, and an Annexin V-FITC plus propidium iodide (PI) kit for detecting apoptosis vs. necrosis. Monoclonal antibodies against human MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 were obtained from EMD Millipore (Bellerica, MA), while those against S100A4, survivin, and β-actin were from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA). All other reagents, including ALA, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), rhodamine-123 (Rh123), fetal bovine serum (FBS), growth media, and other cell culture materials were from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO).