The certified reference materials of acephate, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, emamectin benzoate, imidacloprid, monocrotophos, phenthoate, phorate, profenofos, quinalphos, and triphenyl phosphate (TPP, internal standard) were procured from Sigma-Aldrich Chem. Pvt. Ltd., India, based on the information collected on the types of pesticides used by the farmworkers. The analytical-grade formic acid was procured from Fluka Pvt. Ltd., India, and the other organic solvents, acetonitrile and methanol (pestanal-grade), were obtained from Sigma Aldrich, Merck KGaA Darmstadt, Germany. Salts such as sodium chloride (anhydrous) and sodium sulfate and the analytical-grade reagent ethanol were obtained from Merck, India, and the HPLC column was procured from Agilent Technologies Pvt. Ltd., India. Water was purified with a Millipore Direct Q purification system (Lab Link, Germany).
Phorate
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
Phorate is a chemical compound used as a laboratory equipment product. It serves as an insecticide and acaricide, functioning to control various pests in controlled settings.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Chlorpyrifos, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Dimethoate, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Malathion, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sodium sulfate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Triphenyl phosphate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Imidacloprid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Acephate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Emamectin benzoate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Monocrotophos, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Profenofos, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Quinalphos, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Milli q plus, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Zetasizer nano z, by Malvern Panalytical (1 mentions)
Epoch 2 microplate reader spectrophotometer, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Silver nitrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium borohydride, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hplc grade acetonitrile, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Methyl parathion, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Acetone, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
4 protocols using phorate
1
Quantitative Analysis of Pesticide Residues
2
Chlorpyrifos and Phorate Degradation by Lactobacillus plantarum
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Chlorpyrifos and phorate were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (Saint Louis, MO, USA.), with declared purity from 94.5 to 99.5 %, respectively, and stored at 4 °C before use.
Three lactobacillus plantarum named L. plantarum 1.0315, L. plantarum 1.0624 and L. plantarum 1.0622 were obtained from the Centre of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural, University (Harbin, China). The chemicals and solvents used were analytical and chromatographic agents. Water used was highly purified water prepared with Milli-Q PLUS (Millipore Corporation, New York, NY, USA).
Whole corn from Xiangfang farm near Harbin was harvested on 20 September, 2013, and chopped into a length of 1–2 cm by a conventional forage harvester under farm conditions.
Three lactobacillus plantarum named L. plantarum 1.0315, L. plantarum 1.0624 and L. plantarum 1.0622 were obtained from the Centre of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural, University (Harbin, China). The chemicals and solvents used were analytical and chromatographic agents. Water used was highly purified water prepared with Milli-Q PLUS (Millipore Corporation, New York, NY, USA).
Whole corn from Xiangfang farm near Harbin was harvested on 20 September, 2013, and chopped into a length of 1–2 cm by a conventional forage harvester under farm conditions.
3
Colorimetric Pesticide Detection Using Silver Nanoparticles
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Silver nitrate (>99%) and sodium borohydride (>99%) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich Pvt. Ltd. Double distilled water was used for preparing the solutions. Chlorpyrifos, phorate, malathion, and acetonitrile were also procured from Sigma Aldrich Pvt. Ltd.
UV-visible spectra were recorded using Biotek Epoch 2 microplate reader spectrophotometer. Particle size and zeta potential analyses were done on Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS. Raman spectra were acquired with a 532 nm laser.
Gold and silver nanoparticles show a color change on interaction with pesticides. Silver nanoparticles show higher surface plasmon resonance (SPR) than gold nanoparticles because of the large difference in the energy levels of conduction bands. Silver metal is comparatively harder and less reflective than gold. The SPR of silver nanoparticles appears at a smaller wavelength, allowing it to undergo wide variation upon interaction with analyte molecules. These properties make silver nanoparticles more suitable than gold nanoparticles to study the colorimetric response of given organophosphate molecules.27 (link)
UV-visible spectra were recorded using Biotek Epoch 2 microplate reader spectrophotometer. Particle size and zeta potential analyses were done on Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS. Raman spectra were acquired with a 532 nm laser.
Gold and silver nanoparticles show a color change on interaction with pesticides. Silver nanoparticles show higher surface plasmon resonance (SPR) than gold nanoparticles because of the large difference in the energy levels of conduction bands. Silver metal is comparatively harder and less reflective than gold. The SPR of silver nanoparticles appears at a smaller wavelength, allowing it to undergo wide variation upon interaction with analyte molecules. These properties make silver nanoparticles more suitable than gold nanoparticles to study the colorimetric response of given organophosphate molecules.27 (link)
4
Analytical Standards for Environmental and Forensic Analysis
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Materials. HPLC-grade acetonitrile, water, hexafluorobenzene (99%) and chlorobenzene (99.9%), iodobenzene (>99%) and fluorobenzene (>99.5%) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Buchs, Switzerland), and toluene (99.85%) and acetone (99.9%) from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium). Analytical-grade pesticide and drug standards were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, and were: ametryn, atrazine, prometon, prometryn, propazine, simazine, terbutryn, disulfoton, famphur, parathion, parathion-methyl, phorate, sulfotep, thionazin, triethyl thiophosphate, dimethoate, metolachlor, pyrimethanil, malathion, cyprodinil, flusilazole, cyproconazole, trifloxystrobin, quinoxyfen, tebuconazole, pyriproxyfen, pyridaben, difenoconazole, azoxystrobin, diazepam, cocaine, methadone, desipramine, imipramine, MDMA, ketamine, lidocaine and fentanyl. Phenanthrene-d10, pyrene-d10, and a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon mix (CRM 47930) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
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