Turbidity was determined as the absorbance at 650 nm by a UNICAM 8625 UV/VIS spectrometer and the conductivity by a CRISON MicroCM 2100 conductometer. Chloride, sulfate, nitrate and phosphate anions were quantified by a Dionex ICS-2000 ionic chromatograph. The total suspended solids (TSS) were determined according to the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater [21 ]. Ammonia concentration and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were analyzed by using commercial kits LCK114 or LCK314, respectively (Hach Lange, Germany). Glucose concentration was measured with a YSI 2700 SELECT enzymatic analyzer (Yellow Spring Instruments). Laccase activity was measured per duplicate using a modified version of the method for the determination of manganese peroxidase where 2,6-dimetoxyphenol (DMP) is oxidized by laccase in the absence of a cofactor [22 ]. Activity units per liter (U·L− 1) are defined as the micromoles per liter of DMP oxidized per minute. The molar extinction coefficient of DMP was 24.8 mM− 1·cm− 1 [23 (link)].
Lck114
Manufactured by HACH
Sourced in Germany
The LCK114 is a spectrophotometric test kit used for the determination of free chlorine in water samples. It provides a simple and reliable method for quantifying the concentration of free chlorine in a range of 0.05 to 2.00 mg/L.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Lck 314, by HACH (4 mentions)
Lch303, by HACH (4 mentions)
Ics 2000, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Microcm 2100 conductometer, by Crison (2 mentions)
Lck314m, by HACH (2 mentions)
Microcm 2100, by Crison (2 mentions)
Lck 303, by HACH (1 mentions)
Glp 21 model, by Crison (1 mentions)
Lck 338, by HACH (1 mentions)
Dr600 spectrophotometer, by HACH (1 mentions)
Cdh sd1, by Omega Engineering (1 mentions)
Cary 3 uv vis spectrophotometer, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
8 protocols using lck114
1
Comprehensive Analysis of Water Quality
2
Biofilm Characterization and Quantification
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After dismantling the cell, the biofilm was first gently rinsed with a 100 mm phosphate buffer solution to remove residual soluble organics, chloride, and ammonium while preventing acute osmotic stress. The biofilm was then mechanically detached from the glass electrode by using a conventional cell scraper. The wet biomass pellet weight was measured and then suspended with the use of vortex and sonication in a defined volume (10 mL of 100 mm phosphate buffer solution). The resulting homogenized samples were analyzed for COD and total nitrogen content by using photometric test kits (Hach‐Lange LCK 114 and 138, respectively). Assuming a volumetric density of 1 g mL−1 for wet biomass, the absolute amounts of COD and total N for each electrode were then calculated.
3
Laccase Activity and Water Quality Metrics
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Laccase activity was determined through the oxidation of 2.6-Dimethoxyphenol (DMP) by laccase enzyme (Cruz-Morató et al., 2013) . The absorbance was measured by a UNICAM 8625 UV/VIS spectrometer at 650 nm, and the conductivity was analysed using a CRISON MicroCM 2100 conductometer. The heterotrophic plate count (HPC)
was measured per triplicate according to the APHA standard (APHA, 1995) . The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the ammonia concentration were determined through commercial kits LCK114 or LCK314m and LCH303, respectively (Hach Lange, Germany).
was measured per triplicate according to the APHA standard (APHA, 1995) . The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the ammonia concentration were determined through commercial kits LCK114 or LCK314m and LCH303, respectively (Hach Lange, Germany).
4
Comprehensive Water Quality Analysis
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The absorbance at 650 nm was determined by a UNICAM 8625 UV/VIS spectrometer, and the conductivity was monitored by a CRISON MicroCM 2100 conductometer. The total suspended solids (TSS) and volatile suspended solids (VSS) were measured according to the standard methods 2540 D and 2540 E, respectively [38] . The total organic carbon (TOC) was determined using an Analytik Jena multi N/C 2100S/1 analyzer. The HPC results were reported as the logarithm of colony-forming units (CFU) per mL [lg (CFU mL -1 )] using the spread-plate method with a plate count agar (PCA) following the standard method 9215 [38] . The N-NH4 + concentration and the COD were analyzed using commercial kits LCK 303 and LCK 314 or LCK 114, respectively (Hach Lange, Germany). Chloride, sulfate, nitrite, and nitrate anions were measured by ion chromatography using a Dionex ICS-2000 equipped with Dionex IonPac AS18-HC column (250 mm x 4 mm) which was eluted at 1 mL min -1 with a 13 mM KOH aqueous solution.
5
Physicochemical Analysis of Fermentation Brine
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A pH-meter (model GLP+21 from Crison, Barcelona, Spain) and an electrical conductivity-meter (model GLP31+ from Crison, Barcelona, Spain) were used to measure the pH and conductivity of the fermentation brine samples treated by membrane processes. Also, two conductivity-meters, model CDH-SD1 from Omega Engineering (Norwalk, CT, USA), were used to measure and register feed and draw solution conductivities.
In order to measure the soluble COD, the samples were previously filtered through a 0.45 µm polytetrafluoroethylene filter. The COD of the filtered samples was determined by means of LCK 114 and LCK 414 kits (Hach Lange, Düsseldorf, Germany). The total nitrogen and the total phosphorous content of the samples were determined with LCK338 and LCK348 kits (Hach Lange, Düsseldorf, Germany), respectively. The total phenolic compounds concentration (expressed in milligrams of tyrosol equivalents per liter; mg tyrosol eq·L−1) was determined by means of the Folin–Ciocalteu method [15 (link)]. The color of the samples was calculated as the difference between the sample absorbance at 440 and 700 nm according to De Castro and Brenes [16 (link)]. The absorbance was measured by means of a DR600 spectrophotometer (Hach Lange, Düsseldorf, Germany).
In order to measure the soluble COD, the samples were previously filtered through a 0.45 µm polytetrafluoroethylene filter. The COD of the filtered samples was determined by means of LCK 114 and LCK 414 kits (Hach Lange, Düsseldorf, Germany). The total nitrogen and the total phosphorous content of the samples were determined with LCK338 and LCK348 kits (Hach Lange, Düsseldorf, Germany), respectively. The total phenolic compounds concentration (expressed in milligrams of tyrosol equivalents per liter; mg tyrosol eq·L−1) was determined by means of the Folin–Ciocalteu method [15 (link)]. The color of the samples was calculated as the difference between the sample absorbance at 440 and 700 nm according to De Castro and Brenes [16 (link)]. The absorbance was measured by means of a DR600 spectrophotometer (Hach Lange, Düsseldorf, Germany).
6
Water Quality Characterization Protocol
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The conductivity was determined by a CRISON MicroCM 2100 conductometer, and the absorbance at 650 nm was monitored by UNICAM 8625 UV/VIS spectrometer.
Heterotrophic plate count (HPC) was analyzed per triplicate according to APHA (1995),
The N-NH4 concentration and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were analyzed by using commercial kits LCH303 and LCK114 or LCK314m respectively (Hach Lange, Germany).
Heterotrophic plate count (HPC) was analyzed per triplicate according to APHA (1995),
The N-NH4 concentration and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were analyzed by using commercial kits LCH303 and LCK114 or LCK314m respectively (Hach Lange, Germany).
7
Comprehensive Water Quality Analysis
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Glucose concentration was measured per triplicate with a YSI 2700 SELECT enzymatic analyzer (Yellow Spring Instruments). Laccase activity was measured per triplicate using the method previously described (Mir-Tutusaus et al., 2016) (link). The conductivity was determined by a CRISON MicroCM 2100 conductimeter, and the absorbance at 650nm was monitored by a UNICAM 8625 UV/VIS spectrometer. Chloride, sulfate, nitrate and phosphate anions were quantified by a Dionex ICS-2000 ionic chromatograph. The total suspended solids (TSS), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were determined according to APHA-AWWA-WEF (1995). The N-NH 4 + concentration and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were analyzed by using commercial kits LCH303 and LCK114 or LCK314, respectively (Hach Lange, Germany).
8
Measuring Glucose and Laccase Activity
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Glucose concentration was measured per triplicate with an YSI 2700 SELECT enzymatic analyzer (Yellow Spring Instruments). Laccase activity was measured per triplicate using a modified version of the method for the determination of manganese peroxidase where 2,6-dimetoxyphenol (DMP) is oxidized by laccase in the absence of a cofactor [18] . Changes in the absorbance at 468 nm were monitored for 2 min on a Varian Cary 3 UV/Vis spectrophotometer at 30ºC. Activity units per liter (U•L -1 ) are defined as the micromoles per liter of DMP oxidized per minute. The molar extinction coefficient of DMP was 24.8 mM -1 •cm -1 [19] .The conductivity was determined by a CRISON MicroCM 2100 conductometer, and the absorbance at 650 nm was monitored by a UNICAM 8625 UV/VIS spectrometer. Heterotrophic plate count (HPC) was analyzed per triplicate according to APHA (1995) [20] . Chloride, sulfate, nitrate and phosphate anions were quantified by a Dionex ICS-2000 ionic chromatograph. The total suspended solids (TSS), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were determined according to APHA (1995) [20] . The N-NH 4 + concentration and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were analyzed by using commercial kits LCH303 and LCK114 or LCK314, respectively (Hach Lange, Germany).
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