Silver 1 chloride

3-(Glycidoxypropyl)-trimethoxysilane (3-GPTMS), 6-amino-1-hexanol, gold(III) chloride trihydrate (chloroauric acid, HAuCl4) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH2OHHCl) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO). 5′-Aminohexyl-labeled oligonucleotides (5′-H2N-(CH2)6-CCGCTGCTTTTTTCAGCGG-3′, stem-loop structure) and 3′-mercaptohexyl-labeled oligonucleotides (5′-HS-(CH2)6-GGCCTGTTTTTTGCAC) were obtained from Bioneer (Daejeon, Korea). The cation sources mentioned in the text contain chloride as anion: mercury(II) chloride, cobalt(II) chloride, cadmium(II) chloride, nickel(II) chloride, lead(II) chloride, copper(II) chloride, silver(I) chloride, manganese(II) chloride, iron(II) chloride, and zinc(II) chloride, which were also obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co. Absolute ethanol was purchased from Junsei Chemical Co. (Tokyo, Japan). Saline sodium citrate (SSC) buffer (20X) was also purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and was diluted with deionized water to 1X solution before use. Doubly distilled water was obtained from the Milli-Q Water Purification System (18 MΩ cm) and used to make all aqueous solutions including buffer dilution.