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5 protocols using cd158b pe

1

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immune Cells

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The cultures were collected, washed, incubated for 15 min with mouse mAbs against human CD3-PerCP, CD56-FITC, or PE, CD69-APC, CD16-PE (BD Biosciences, USA), and NKG2D-PE (BioLegend, USA). NK cells were incubated with CD158a-PE and CD158b-PE (BD Pharmingen, USA), CIK cells were incubated with CD4-PE and CD8-APC (BD Biosciences) and γδ T cells were incubated with Vγ9-FITC (BD Pharmingen), CD4-PE, and CD8-APC. Isotype-matched antibodies were used as controls. Perforin and granzyme B detection was performed according to the BD Cytofix/Cytoperm™ Kit manual (BD Biosciences). Briefly, NK, CIK, and γδ T cells were harvested and adjusted to 1 × 106 cells/mL in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10 % fetal calf serum, and incubated 0.1 % GolgiStop (BD Biosciences) for 4 h. After pre-incubation with 10 % normal human serum, cells were stained with mAbs to identify NK (CD3CD56+), CIK (CD3+CD56+), and γδ T cells (CD3+Vγ9+), followed by intracellular staining for perforin-PE and granzyme B-PE (BD Pharmingen), and the corresponding isotype antibodies to determine intracellular cytokine levels.
Flow cytometry data acquisition was performed on a BD FACS Calibur (BD Biosciences) with Cell Quest Pro software. Analysis was performed with FlowJo software (Tree Star, USA).
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2

Flow Cytometric Analysis of PBMC

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Flow cytometric analysis was performed using cryopreserved PBMC. Viability was ascertained by trypan blue exclusion. Cells were washed, and then stained on ice for 20 min with the following fluorescent Abs in various combinations: CD3 (PerCP-Cy5.5 or allophycocyanin) or FITC, anti–TCR-αβ-1-FITC, and anti–TCR-γδ-1-PE (all BD Oncomark); Vα24 TCR-FITC and Vβ11 TCR-PE (Immunotech); CD56-PE, CD107a-PE, CD94-allophycocyanin, CD158b-PE, and CD16–PerCP-Cy5.5 (all from BD Pharmingen); and CD158a–PerCP-Cy5.5 (eBiosciences). After washing, stained cells were fixed in PBS/2% FCS/1.6% paraformaldehyde and acquired on a FACSCalibur flow cytometer (BD Biosciences). For intracellular staining, cells were first surface stained, followed by washing and incubation for 30 min on ice with Fix/Perm buffer (eBioscience). After washing in permeabilization buffer, cells were incubated for 30 min on ice with perforin-PE (Perforin reagent set; BD Pharmingen 556437) or IFN-γ allophycocyanin. The cells were washed again, fixed in PBS/2% FCS/1.6% paraformaldehyde, and acquired. Data were analyzed using Flowjo software (Tree Star, Ashland, OR).
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3

Comprehensive NK Cell Immunophenotyping

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From whole peripheral blood, one million white blood cells were stained and dead cells were excluded using LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Yellow Dead Cell Stain Kit (Life Technologies). Red blood cells were lysed using ACK lysing buffer (Quality Biological) per manufacturer recommendations. NK cell counts were calculated using the percentage of CD3-CD56+ and absolute lymphocyte count from the patient’s CBC. NK cells were further characterized using the following antibodies from Miltenyi Biotech except where otherwise specified : CD3 APC-Vio770, CD56 PerCP-Vio700, CD57 VioBlue, CD336 (NKp44) VioBright FITC, CD337 (NKp30) Phycoerythrin (PE), human, CD314 (NKG2D) PE-Vio700, CD69-allophycocyanin (APC) human, CD158a (KIR2DL1)-APC, CD158b PE (BD Bioscience), CD158b2 (KIR2DL3)- fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), CD158e (KIR3DL1) PE-Vio770, CD45 Vioblue. Isotype controls were obtained from Miltenyi and BD Bioscience. Events were acquired on a MACSQuant analyzer (Miltenyi Biotech) and analyzed using FlowJo software (TreeStar). A minimum of 10,000 viable lymphocyte events were collected per sample.
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4

Phenotyping of NK Cell Subsets

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The monoclonal antibodies CD3‐PerCP, CD56‐allophycocyanin(APC), CD158a‐FITC, CD158b‐PE, CD158e‐FITC, CD94‐FITC, CD62L‐FITC, CD54‐PE, CD11a‐FITC, CX3CR1‐FITC, CXCR4‐PE, CCR7‐PE, NKP30‐FITC, NKP46‐PE, IL13‐PE, IL10‐PE, TGF‐β‐PE and IFN‐γ‐FITC (BD Bioscience, Mountain View, CA, USA), and NKG2A‐PE (BeckmanCoulter, USA) and appropriate isotypes were used in individual 4‐colour flow cytometry assays to analyse the immunophenotype as well as the cytokine secretion of NK cells. Intracellular staining was performed using the Pharmingen Intracellular Staining Kit (BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA, USA). The cells were incubated for 5 hours with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) (40 ng/mL) plus ionomycin (2.5 μg/mL, all reagents from Sigma Chemical) to stimulate maximal IFN‐γ, IL‐13, TGF‐β and IL‐10 production; GolgiStop (0.7 μL/mL) was added to the sample during the last 4 hours to trap the protein in the cytoplasm. NK1, NK2, NK3 and NKr cells were identified as CD3CD56+IFN‐γ+, CD3CD56+IL‐13+,CD3CD56+ TGF‐β+ and CD3CD56+IL‐10+, respectively. The dose of NK1, NK2, NK3 and NKr cells was classified as the absolute number of NK1, NK2, NK3 and NKr cells infused in GBM and GPB (cells/kg). Data were analysed using a FACSCaliber 4‐colour flow cytometer (BD Biosciences) and FlowJo 7.6.1 software (Tree Star Inc, CA, USA).
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5

Multiparametric Flow Cytometry for Immune Monitoring

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For immune-monitoring studies, patient PBMC samples were stained with cocktail fluorescent-conjugated antibody mix diluted in PBS containing 2% FBS + 0.01% azide for 30 min at 4 °C in the dark. After a 2-step washing with PBS, cells were fixed with 2% PFA for 20 min at 4 °C. Samples were analyzed on a BD Fortessa Flow Cytometer (UV-Violet-Blue-Yellow/Green-Red 5-Laser configuration). For the first cohort (aviremic patients) the following antibodies were used: CCR5-FITC, CD158a-PE, CD57-PE-CF594, CD14-Alexa Fluor 700, CD19-Alexa Fluor 700, CXCR4-BV421, CD62L-BV605, NKG2D-BV650, CD16-BV711, CD3-BV786, CD56-BUV395 and CD4-BUV737 (BD Biosciences), CD158b-PE, CD158e/k-PE, NKp46-PE-Vio770, NKG2C-APC, CD45RA-APC-Vio770, and CD45RO-VioGreen (Miltenyi). For the second cohort (viremic patients) the similar panel of antibodies were re-used, except for additional antibodies for CXCR4-BV421 and CD107a-PE-CF594 (BD Biosciences). Cell death and viability were determined by DAPI (BD Biosciences). Data were analyzed using FlowJo software (v10.8) (BD Biosciences) with appropriate plugins for high-dimensional analysis and visualization.
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