All statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS for Windows, version 10.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill). Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values of the quantitative PSA test was calculated. Sensitivity was defined as the ratio between the true positive results and the sum of the true positive and false negative results. Specificity was defined as the ratio between the true negative results and the sum of the true negative and false positive results. The positive predictive value was defined as the ratio between the true positive results and the sum of all positive results, and the negative predictive value was defined as the ratio between the true negative results and the sum of all negative results. Accuracy was defined as the ratio between the sum of the true observations (positive and negative) and the total observations. Relationships between GICA method and CMIA method were examined using Pearson’s correlation analyses.
Spss for windows version 10
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SPSS for Windows, version 10.0 is a software application that provides a comprehensive set of tools for statistical analysis, data management, and reporting. It is designed to work within the Microsoft Windows operating system. The core function of the software is to enable users to analyze and interpret data, generate reports, and create visualizations.
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69 protocols using spss for windows version 10
1
Diagnostic Accuracy of Quantitative PSA
2
Dementia and Survival After Stroke
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Participants who were lost or declined for follow-up were considered as censored data. As the onset time of dementia was not exactly observed, we defined the time to an event as the time of a diagnosis of dementia.
The univariate analyses were taken to compare the data of the death and survival groups, including demographic data, smoking, drinking, comorbidities, stroke severity and characteristics. Categorical variables were compared using the Pearson Chi-square test, and quantitative variables were compared using an independent samples t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test in appreciation.
The cumulative proportion of patients surviving in the groups with and without dementia was determined using the Kaplan-Meier survival analyses (26 (link)). In the multivariate analysis, we studied the association between dementia and risk of death using the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis with a backward procedure and with p>0.05 as the criterion for exclusion to estimate hazard ratios (HRs), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). These analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows, version 10.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
The univariate analyses were taken to compare the data of the death and survival groups, including demographic data, smoking, drinking, comorbidities, stroke severity and characteristics. Categorical variables were compared using the Pearson Chi-square test, and quantitative variables were compared using an independent samples t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test in appreciation.
The cumulative proportion of patients surviving in the groups with and without dementia was determined using the Kaplan-Meier survival analyses (26 (link)). In the multivariate analysis, we studied the association between dementia and risk of death using the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis with a backward procedure and with p>0.05 as the criterion for exclusion to estimate hazard ratios (HRs), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). These analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows, version 10.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
3
Accuracy of Surgical Knee Evaluation
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The sample size was calculated for a paired design to determine that at least 20 surgical knees per group were required to detect a difference in the accuracy of >10% with 80% power. Quantitative data were expressed as the means ± SD and qualitative data as numbers and percentages. The time to the first rescue medication, pain visual analog scale scores, consumption of postoperative morphine of both groups were compared by using the paired Student’s t-test. A value of p < 0.05 was considered as indicating a statistical significance. Statistical analysis of the results was conducted using SPSS for Windows, version 10.0.
4
Statistical Analysis of Variable Distribution
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The normality of variable distribution was assessed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness of fit test. Comparisons between distributions of two variables for a single group were performed by Student's unpaired t test or Mann Whitney U test, and presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or median with 25th and 75th percentile where appropriate. Correlations were evaluated by the Pearson parametric test for the univariate analysis. All P values are 2-tailed. P values <0.05 were considered significant. All statistical analyses were performed using commercial available statistical package (SPSS for Windows, Version 10.0).
5
Statistical Analysis of Correlations
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All statistical calculations were performed with the Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) for Windows, version 10.0. Correlations were considered statistically significant if calculated P values were 0.05 or less.
6
Bone Metastases and Histological Subtypes
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The chi-square test was used to compare the proportions of histological subtypes among patients who developed bone metastases or not. The relationship between histological subtype and bone metastases occurrence was also evaluated by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) determinations. Overall survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. All analyzes were performed in the SPSS for Windows, version 10.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), and a
pvalue < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
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The chi-square test was used to compare the proportions of histological subtypes among patients who developed bone metastases or not. The relationship between histological subtype and bone metastases occurrence was also evaluated by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) determinations. Overall survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. All analyzes were performed in the SPSS for Windows, version 10.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), and a
pvalue < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
7
Demographic Factors and Contraception
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Clinical information was logged, including age, education level, menarche age, method of contraception, and smoking status. Using SPSS for Windows version 10.0, chi-square and Spearman correlation analysis were performed to analyze the data.
8
Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data
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Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS for Windows, version 10.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). All data values were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. Comparisons of the means among multiple groups were performed with one-way analysis of variance followed by post hoc pairwise comparisons using Tukey's tests. A two-tailed P<0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference.
9
Analysis of Antioxidant Activity
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Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation, and all analyses were performed in triplicate. The results were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. SPSS for Windows, version 10.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used for the analyses.
10
Cardiac ECM Markers: Prognostic Potential
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Demographic data was presented as mean values ± standard deviations or as percentages. Data of Gal-3, BNP, and serum cardiac ECM markers were presented as median and interquartile ranges due to non-normality which is tested by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. These non-normal variables were log-transformed for further analysis. Pearson's correlation test was used to analyze the association between two variables.
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed and compared to estimate the prognostic capacity of Gal-3 and serum cardiac ECM markers. Furthermore, using the median value as cut-point, Kaplan-Meier survival curve with log-rank test was done to compare in patients with higher and lower levels of serum Gal-3 or cardiac ECM markers. Then, Cox regression analysis was used for survival analysis. A probability value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant and that of 0.05 < p < 0.1 was considered as borderline significance. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS for Windows, version 10.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed and compared to estimate the prognostic capacity of Gal-3 and serum cardiac ECM markers. Furthermore, using the median value as cut-point, Kaplan-Meier survival curve with log-rank test was done to compare in patients with higher and lower levels of serum Gal-3 or cardiac ECM markers. Then, Cox regression analysis was used for survival analysis. A probability value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant and that of 0.05 < p < 0.1 was considered as borderline significance. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS for Windows, version 10.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
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