2 20 azobis 2 amidino propane dihydrochloride aaph

Sodium carbonate anhydrous (Na₂CO₃), Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, sodium nitrite solution (NaNO₂), aluminum chloride hexahydrate solution (AlCl₃, 6 H₂O), vanillin, catechin and gallic acid were purchased from Fluka (Buchs, Switzerland). Sulfuric acid (H₂SO4) was obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Fluorescein sodium salt (FL), 20,70 dichlorofluorescin-diacetate (DCFH-DA), 20,70-dichlorofluorescin (DCFH), 20,70-dichlorofluorescein (DCF), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-carboxylic acid, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH), (Trolox), quercetin, and 2,20-azobis(2-amidino-propane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Oakville, ON). All the solvents were purchased from EMD (Canada).

All the HPLC-grade (methanol, acetonitrile, hexane) and analytical-grade (orthophosphoric acid, ethanol, ethyl acetate, sodium hydroxide, sodium thiosulfate) reagents were acquired from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). The standards used to identify and quantify the phenolic compounds (o-coumaric acid, p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, vanillic acid, syringic acid, vanillin, hydroxytyrosol acetate, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, tyrosol acetate, pinoresinol, luteolin, apigenin, methyl-luteolin) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The standards used to identify and quantify the volatile compounds (4-methyl-2-pentanol, ethanol, ethyl propanoate, pentanal, 4-methylpentan-2-one, ethyl-2-methylbutyrate, butyl acetate, hexanal, 2-methylbutan-1-ol, 3-methylbutan-1-ol, (E)-2-hexenal, 3-octanone, octanal, (E)-2-heptenal, 2-heptanol, 1-hexanol, nonanal, (E)-2-nonenal, (E)-2-hexenol, acetic acid, propanoic acid, 1-octanol, butanoic acid, heptanoic acid) were purchased from Merck. Trolox, fluorescein, and 2,20-Azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).