Caspase like cell based assays

RPMI-1640 medium and gentamycin were purchased from Lonza. Heat-inactivated low endotoxin fetal bovine serum (FBS) was from Omega scientific. Highly purified, deep rough chemotype LPS (Re-LPS) from E. coli D31m4 was prepared as described previously [14 ]. Proteasome-Glo reagents for determining the cellular proteasome’s activities were purchased from Promega (Madison, WI, USA). Ac-WLA-AMC, Ac-ANW-AMC, and Ac-PAL-AMC fluorogenic substrates, as well as human proteasomes and immunoproteasomes were purchased from R&D systems. Trans-Resveratrol (later called resveratrol) was purchased from “Mega Resveratrol” (60 Newtown Toad # 32, Danbury CT, USA). ONX-0914, specific inhibitor of LMP7 was purchased from UBPBio. MTT (Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium Bromide) for cell death assay and PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) for differentiation were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Cyto-ID® Autophagy Detection Kit was purchased from Enzo Life Sciences Inc. (Farmingdale, NY). Proteasome-Glo™ ChymoTrypsin-Like, Trypsin-Like and Caspase-Like Cell-Based Assays were purchased from Promega (Madison, WI).