Human insulin

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Sao Tome and Principe, Belgium, Switzerland, Austria, Canada, France

Human insulin is a type of laboratory equipment used in the production and analysis of insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. It is a recombinant form of the insulin molecule, which is structurally and functionally identical to the insulin produced by the human body. Human insulin is commonly used in research, drug development, and clinical applications related to diabetes management.

Automatically generated - may contain errors

Lab products found in correlation

Close spelling variants of this product

Human insulin RIA kit Biotinylated human insulin Linco Human Insulin RIA Purified recombinant human insulin Native human insulin Human Insulin specific RIA kit Human Insulin Specific Human insulin solution Human lyophilized insulin Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled human insulin

402 protocols using human insulin

Amyloid Aggregation Assay Protocols

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Ubiquitin from bovine erythrocytes, recombinant Human Insulin and Thioflavin T were purchased from Sigma Aldrich and used without further purification. Aβ(1-40) was purchased from Biopeptide and pre-treated as previously reported 64 .
All experiments on UBQ samples were performed in 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.5. The sample was freshly prepared and filtered through 0.20 μm filters (17761, Sartorious), just before the measurements. Different protein concentrations had been used: 0.5 mg/ml, 0.7 mg/ml and 1.8 mg/ml. Protein concentration was spectrophotometrically determined using a molar extinction coefficient of 1254 dm 3 mol -1 cm -1 at 280 nm 31 . Human Insulin powder (Sigma-Aldrich) and Aβ (1-40) peptide (prepared as described in 65 ), were dissolved in 20mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.5.
Protein concentration of Human Insulin and Aβ(1-40) peptide were estimated by means of absorbance measurements using a molar extinction of 1.067 cm -1 (mg/ml) -1 at 276 nm 66 , and of 1390 M -1 cm -1 at 276nm, respectively 67 .
In order to obtain aggregates, 0.2 mg/ml Human Insulin in 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.5, was incubated at 60°C stirring at500 rpm for 24 hours, and 0.2 µM Aβ(1-40) in 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.5, was incubated at 37 degrees with stirring 500 rpm for 24 hours.
Resulting aggregates were found to be positive to Thioflavin T test.

Fricano A., Librizzi F., Rao E., Alfano C, & Vetri V. (2019). Blue autofluorescence in protein aggregates "lighted on" by UV induced oxidation. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Proteins and proteomics, 1867(11).

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Immunomodulatory Effects of PSAB-liposomes and Liraglutide on Dendritic Cells in Type 1 Diabetes

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

DCs from patients with T1D (n = 7) were co-cultured with 1 mM PSAB-liposomes (PSAB-DC), 1000 nM Lira (Lira-DC) or combined (PSAB + Lira DC) for 24 h in the presence of 20 μg/ml human insulin (Sigma-Aldrich). DCs were cultured with 20 μg/ml human insulin (Sigma-Aldrich) to obtain immature DCs (iDCs) and adding a cytokine cocktail [1000 IU/ml TNFα and 2000 IU/ml IL-1β (Immunotools) and 1 μM Prostaglandin E₂ (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA)] to obtain mature DCs (mDC). To assess DCs phenotype, CD25-PE, CD86-FITC, HLA ABC-FITC, HLA DR-FITC, CD14-PE and CD40-APC (Immunotools), CD36-APCCy7, TIM4-APC, CD54-PECy7, TLR2-FITC, CXCR4-APCCy7, CCR2-APC, PD-L1-PECy7, ILT3-PECy7 (Biolegend, San Diego, USA) and CCR7-PECy7 (BD Biosciences) monoclonal antibodies were used to determine their membrane expression. All DCs conditions from the same patient were analysed at the time. All MFI groups were normalized to the MFI of mDCs.

Villalba A., Rodriguez-Fernandez S., Perna-Barrull D., Ampudia R.M., Gomez-Muñoz L., Pujol-Autonell I., Aguilera E., Risueño R.M., Cano-Sarabia M., Maspoch D., Vázquez F, & Vives-Pi M. (2020). Antigen-specific immunotherapy combined with a regenerative drug in the treatment of experimental type 1 diabetes. Scientific Reports, 10, 18927.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Establishing Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines

Cited 1 time

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

All PDAC cell lines were obtained from ATCC and grown in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO₂ at 37°C. HPAC cells and human fibroblasts were grown in DMEM/F12 (#10-092-CV; Corning) with 10% FCS (#S11150; Atlanta Biologicals), 0.005 mg/mL of human transferrin (#T2252; Sigma Aldrich), 10 ng/mL of Human Epidermal Growth Factor (#01-107; Millipore), 0.002 mg/mL of Human Insulin (#I9278; Sigma Aldrich), and 40 ng/mL of Hydrocortisone (#H4001; Sigma Aldrich). Panc 04.03 and Panc 08.13 cells were grown in RPMI-1640 (#SH30027.01; Hyclone) with 15% FBS (#S11150; Atlanta Biologicals). Panc 05.04 cells were grown in RPMI-1640 (#SH30027.02; Hyclone) with 15% FBS (#S11150; Atlanta Biologicals) and 0.2 U/mL of Human Insulin (#I9278; Sigma Aldrich). Treatments were either with 10 ng/mL human recombinant Oncostatin M (OSM; #OSM01-13; DAPCEL), 10 ng/ml IL-6 or 10 μM Ruxolitinib (#R-6688; LC Laboratories). All short-term treatments were performed as denoted in the figure legend; all long-term treatments were given at each medium change unless denoted otherwise (~48 hours). Human Fibroblast cultures were established from the digestion medium filtrate of primary reduction mammoplasty tissue as previously described (25 (link)). The fibroblast-containing filtrate was plated into DMEM (#10-013-CV; Corning) with 10% FBS (#S11150; Atlanta Biologicals) and immortalized using pBabe-Puro-hTERT.

Smigiel J.M., Parameswaran N, & Jackson M.W. (2017). Potent EMT and CSC Phenotypes are Induced by Oncostatin-M in Pancreatic Cancer. Molecular cancer research : MCR, 15(4), 478-488.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Leptolide Modulates Insulin Signaling

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

HepG2 cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA; #HB-8065). The cell line was originally isolated from a liver hepatocellular carcinoma of a 15-year-old Caucasian male. Cells were growth in DMEM (1X) supplemented with 4.5 g/L d-glucose, 0.6 g/L l-glutamine, 0.1 g/L sodium pyruvate and 10% fetal bovine serum.
In order to analyze the effects of leptolide on the intracellular insulin signaling pathway, HepG2 cells were treated with 0.1 µM leptolide or vehicle (DMSO) during 24 h in medium without serum. Afterwards, 100 nM human insulin (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) was added, and HepG2 cells were collected after 0, 5, 10, 15 and 30 min. To analyze the effects of leptolide in the setting of resistance, HepG2 cells were treated with 0.2 mM palmitate and 0.1 µM leptolide in serum-free medium for 24 h. Afterwards, 100 nM human insulin (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) was added, and 15 min later, HepG2 cells were collected.

Villa-Pérez P., Cueto M., Díaz-Marrero A.R., Lobatón C.D., Moreno A., Perdomo G, & Cózar-Castellano I. (2017). Leptolide Improves Insulin Resistance in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Marine Drugs, 15(9), 289.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Directed Differentiation of Human ESCs into Neural Progenitors

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Human ESCs were detached with 2 mg/mL collagenase Type IV (Worthington Biochemical Corporation, Lakewood, NJ, USA), for 30 min at 37 °C. EBs were formed from the detached ESCs and were cultured in suspension for 4 days in DMEM/F12 (Thermo Fisher Scientific) containing 10 μg/mL human insulin, 9 μg/mL transferrin, 14 ng/mL selenite, 5 μM PKCβ inhibitor, and 1 μM DMH1 (all from Sigma-Aldrich). The culture medium was changed daily. On Day 4 of culture, EBs were transferred to Matrigel-coated dishes with NPC specification medium containing 1% N2 supplement (Thermo Fisher Scientific), 20 ng/mL bFGF (CHAbiotech, Pangyo, Korea), and 25 μg/mL human insulin (Sigma-Aldrich). The medium was changed every day for 5 days to generate neural rosettes.

Park M., Kim H.M., Shin H.A., Lee S.H., Hwang D.Y, & Lew H. (2021). Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Progenitor Cells Promote Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival and Axon Recovery in an Optic Nerve Compression Animal Model. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(22), 12529.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Insulin Delivery via PVA-Urea Hydrogel

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Our starting materials were poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with molecular weight ≈72,000 g/mol (Fluka, U.K.), 99.8% pure urea (Sigma Aldrich), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; Sinopharm Chemical reagent Co. Ltd. China), 95% pure ethanol (Tomas Baker, India), phosphate buffered saline PBS (Sigma Aldrich) PH 7.4, and Insulin human (rDNA 100 IU/ml a solution for injection that contains the active substance human insulin from Actrapid, Charters, France. Actrapid is a replacement insulin that is very similar to the insulin made by the pancreas).

Najim M.A., Khalil B.I, & Hameed A.A. (2022). Characterizing optimum electrospinning conditions for graft urethanized Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)(U-PVA). Heliyon, 8(11), e11423.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Characterizing Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

DCs from patients at onset and with established disease were cultured for 24 h with 20 μg/mL human insulin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and 1 mmol/L of PSAB-liposomes to determine the effect of insulin chains as autoantigens (tolDCs). As controls, DCs were either cultured with 20 μg/mL human insulin (Sigma-Aldrich) to obtain iDCs or adding a cytokine cocktail —TNF-α (1,000 IU/mL, Immunotools), IL-1β (2,000 IU/mL, Immunotools), and Prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂, 1 μmol/L, Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA)— for 24 h to obtain mature DCs (mDCs). Viability and phenotype were analyzed by flow cytometry (FACSCanto II, BD Biosciences). DCs were stained with 7-AAD (BD Biosciences) and antibodies to CD11c-APC, CD86-FITC, HLA-ABC-FITC, HLA-DR-FITC, CD14-PE and CD40-APC (Immunotools), CD36-APCCy7, TIM4-APC, αvβ5 integrin-PE, CD54-PECy7, TLR2-FITC, CXCR4-APCCy7, CCR2-APC (BioLegend, San Diego, CA, USA). Data were analyzed using FlowJo software (Tree Star Inc, Ashland, OR, USA).

Rodriguez-Fernandez S., Murillo M., Villalba A., Perna-Barrull D., Cano-Sarabia M., Gomez-Muñoz L., Aguilera E., Maspoch D., Vazquez F., Bel J, & Vives-Pi M. (2019). Impaired Phagocytosis in Dendritic Cells From Pediatric Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Does Not Hamper Their Tolerogenic Potential. Frontiers in Immunology, 10, 2811.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Insulin Sensitivity Assay in Diabetic Mice

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

STZ assays on mice were approved by the University of Utah Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Adult male mice (CBA/CaJ and C57BL/6J strain) between 12–21 weeks of age with an average weight of 23–37.1 g were injected i.p. with either one injection of 0.15 g/kg STZ (Sigma Aldrich) or one injection of 0.1 g/kg STZ followed by a second dose of 0.05 g/kg STZ after 3 days. Following STZ injections, blood glucose was monitored for 2–3 days until animals became hyperglycemic (blood glucose 350–580 mg/dL). Animals were fasted for 4–6 hr and then injected with human insulin (1 IU/kg, 27.5 IU/mg, Sigma Aldrich) (Gupta et al., 2014 (link)) and venom insulins at one-time (1X), ten-times (10X) or twenty-times (20X) the dose of human insulin. Blood glucose was measured (in mg/dL) every 15 min for 125 min following insulin injections using a Bayer Contour meter. Data were analyzed in Prism GraphPad software (version 7.0).

Ahorukomeye P., Disotuar M.M., Gajewiak J., Karanth S., Watkins M., Robinson S.D., Flórez Salcedo P., Smith N.A., Smith B.J., Schlegel A., Forbes B.E., Olivera B., Hung-Chieh Chou D, & Safavi-Hemami H. (2019). Fish-hunting cone snail venoms are a rich source of minimized ligands of the vertebrate insulin receptor. eLife, 8, e41574.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Culturing Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

The human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 and human breast carcinoma cell lines T-47D and MDA-MB-231 were purchased from the Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (Braunschweig, Germany). MCF-7 was grown in 90% RPMI 1640 (Life technologies, Gibco^®) supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Life technologies, Gibco^®), 1% Antibiotic-Antimycotic solution (AA, Life technologies, Gibco^®), 1% MEM Non-Essential Amino Acids solution (Life technologies, Gibco^®), 1 mM sodium pyruvate (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and 10 μg/mL human insulin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA); T-47D cell line was grown in 85% RPMI 1640 supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1% Antibiotic-Antimycotic solution and 10 μg/mL human insulin, while the MDA-MB-231 cell line was grown in 85% RPMI 1640 supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% Antibiotic-Antimycotic solution. Human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) were purchased from Life technologies (Gibco^®) and grown in HUMEC serum-free medium supplemented with 20 μg/mL of Antibiotic-Antimycotic solution (Life technologies, Gibco^®). All cells were incubated in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO₂ and 95% air at 37 °C. Culture media was changed every 2 days and the cultures were passaged with 0.25% trypsin-EDTA (Life technologies, Gibco^®) when 80% of confluence was achieved.

Silva C.L., Perestrelo R., Silva P., Tomás H, & Câmara J.S. (2017). Volatile metabolomic signature of human breast cancer cell lines. Scientific Reports, 7, 43969.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Culturing Immortalized Human Kidney Cells

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Culture conditions of conditionally immortalized human podocytes have been described previously^{28 (link)}. Under permissive conditions at 33 °C, podocytes proliferated. Cultivation at 37 °C led to inactivation of the SV40 T-antigen to induce cell differentiation. Culture medium for human podocytes was RPMI 1640 Medium (Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany) with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS; PAA Laboratories, Pasching, Australia), 1% Penicillin/Streptomycin and 0.1% human insulin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). Human glomerular mesangial cells (Cell systems, Kirkland, WA) proliferated at 37 °C in RPMI 1640 Medium (Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany) with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS; PAA Laboratories, Pasching, Australia), 1% Penicillin/Streptomycin and 0.1% human insulin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). Human glomerular microvasculature endothelial cells (Cell systems, Kirkland, WA) were cultivated on CSC complete media (Cell systems, Kirkland, WA). To the medium, Bac-Off® (antibiotic) and CultureBoost-R™ (human recombinant growth factors; Cell systems, Kirkland, WA) were added, culture conditions were 37 °C and 5% CO₂.

Schenk H., Müller-Deile J., Schroder P., Bolaños-Palmieri P., Beverly-Staggs L., White R., Bräsen J.H., Haller H, & Schiffer M. (2019). Characterizing renal involvement in Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome in a zebrafish model. Scientific Reports, 9, 17718.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

About PubCompare

Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.

We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.

However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.

Ready to get started?

Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!