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20 protocols using ov110

1

Macroscopic Cardiac Imaging Protocol

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For macroscopic ex vivo imaging, excised hearts and sections were visualized with a fluorescence microscope at 4× magnification using OV-110 (Olympus, Center Valley, PA) and Imaging Station 4000MMPro after euthanasia. NIRF images were obtained in the 680 nm channels (emission filter; 630 nm, excitation filter; 700 nm) with progressive exposure times; for 1 minute (tissues), 10 minutes (heart sections from cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocyte-mediated myocarditis), or 30 minutes (heart sections from EAM). White images were obtained without filtration for 0.05 seconds. Images were analyzed using OsiriX (freeware, Geneva, Swizerland). Signal intensities in counts per pixel were measured by tracing a manual region of interest in the left ventricular myocardium, yielding average signal intensity.
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2

Fluorescent Cell Tracking for Micrometastasis

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To obtain fluorescently-detectable cells for in vivo micrometastasis assay, OV2944 cells were transfected with tdTomato (2 μg/100 μl, Invitrogen) using FuGENE HD transfection reagent (Promega). Two days later, cells were dissociated and Tomato-expressing cells (i.e., fluorescently-labeled cells) were isolated using a FACSAria cell sorter (BD Bioscience) into DMEM with 10% FBS. After cell sorting by FACS, OV2944 cells expressing tdTomato (1 × 105 cells/ml; tdTomato, Molecular probe) were injected intraperitoneally, accompanied by dicalcin-derived or control peptides (3 nmol/150 μl/2 days). After 20 days, cell-injected mice were sacrificed; the location of micrometastasis in the liver were observed with in vivo imaging microscope (OV110, Olympus).
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3

Visualizing Coronary Perfusion Dynamics

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To visualize the coronary anatomy, high molecular weight >10kDa FITC dextran (Sigma) was injected into the tail vein and the anterior wall of the left ventricular was visualized on an OV110 (Olympus) microscope through a widely separated median sternotomy. To assess reperfusion after coronary ligation, 10 μm diameter fluorescent microspheres (Life Technologies, FluoSpheres, F8831) were injected into the left ventricular apex immediately after coronary ligation to delineate the initial territory deprived of blood flow. At the time of harvest, fluorescent microspheres of a second non-spectrally overlapping wavelengths (488nm and 647nm) were injected into the left ventricular apex and 1 mm thick short axis sections of the heart were made using a heart slicer (Zivic). Heart sections were then imaged on an Olympus FV1000 laser scanning confocal microscopy. Territory containing only the second and not the first microspheres was interpreted as reperfused territory and was reported as the fraction of total infarct.
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4

Microscopic Analysis of Endovascular Infections

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Excised aortas were imaged side-by-side with controls using epifluorescence microscope (OV-110, Olympus). The tissue was then fixed in 4 % paraformaldehyde (PFA) for at least 12 hours, embedded in optimal-cutting-temperature compound and flash-frozen in an isopentane / dry ice bath. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Gram staining (Sigma-Aldrich) and immmunofluorescence staining for CD11b were performed to verify the presence of S. aureus bacteria and myeloid cells on the aortic valve. Fluorescence microscopy (Eclipse 80i, Nikon) was performed to investigate microscopic DAB-VT680XL localization in the vegetation, and bright field images were scanned and analyzed using a Nanozoomer 2.0RS (Hamamatsu).
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5

Liver Metastasis Assay with GFP and RFP Cells

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HCT116/GFP or DLD-1/GFP (2 × 105 cells)(11 (link)) were transfected with 6 pmol siRNA (Qiagen; Invitrogen, Maryland, MD, USA) or 4 pmol miRNA mimics (pre-miR miRNA precursors; Ambion, Carlsbad, CA, USA) in the presence of 20 μL HiPerFect (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) for 2 days. Subsequently, the GFP-expressing cells were mixed with HCT116/red fluorescent protein (RFP) or DLD-1/RFP at a 1:1 ratio, suspended in normal growth medium containing 50% Matrigel (BD Biosciences, Bedford, MA, USA), and liver metastasis assays were carried out as previously described.(11 (link)) A fraction of the cell mixture before the injection was evaluated by flow cytometry to measure original ratios of GFP-expressing cells/RFP-expressing cells. Two to 10 days after splenic injection, the inhibitory effects of siRNA or miRNA on liver metastasis were evaluated by counting ratios of GFP-positive foci versus RFP-positive foci by in vivo imaging (OV110; Olympus, Tokyo, Japan), or by measuring the ratios of the number of GFP- or RFP-expressing cells by flow cytometry (FACSCalibur; BD Biosciences). All mouse procedures were carried out according to the Guidelines for Animal Experiments, approved by the committee for ethics of animal experimentation of the National Cancer Center (Tokyo, Japan), and carried out in accordance with institutional policies.
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Fluorescence Reflectance Imaging of Heart Slices

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Heart slices were imaged by using a planar fluorescence reflectance imaging system (Olympus OV-110) with a 680-nm excitation wavelength. Acquired images were analyzed with ImageJ software.
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7

Tracking Rat2 Fibroblast Engraftment

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Prior to perfusion, 5×106 Rat2 fibroblasts were labeled with a near infrared fluorescent membrane dye (Qtracker 705 Cell Labeling Kit, Invitrogen). Ex vivo fluorescence imaging with the 665 excitation and 680 emission filter set was performed using the Olympus OV110 (Olympus Corporation) to visualize engraftment in liver. Image visualizations were performed in ImageJ software.
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8

Biodistribution Imaging of Encapsulated siRNA

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For biodistribution imaging, mice were sacrificed 2 hours after injection of 2mg/kg encapsulated siRNA labeled with a near infrared fluorochrome. Main organs were then harvested and imaged on a planar fluorescent reflectance imaging system (OV-110, Olympus) with an excitation wavelength of 630nm and exposure times of 60–75 msec.
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9

Biodistribution of CANDI AF647 in CT2A Tumor Mice

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CT2A tumor-bearing mice (N = 4) were injected with a single dose of 5mg CANDIAF647 diluted in 200 μL sterile PBS via tail vein catheter on day 14 post tumor cell inoculation. One control mouse was injected with 200 μL sterile PBS via a tail vein catheter. Whole-body biodistribution was assessed 24 h after injection. Mice were sacrificed via left ventricle heart puncture and perfusion with 0.9% saline solution. Tissues were subsequently harvested and weighed. Fluorescence reflectance imaging was performed using an OV110 (Olympus) small animal imaging system (exposure time: 122 ms, λex = 620–650 nm, λem = 680–710 nm). Mean fluorescence intensity per gram of tissue was measured by selecting ROIs of tissues and background subtraction of the PBS-treated control. All images were processed using Fiji (ImageJ2, Vers.2.3/1.53f). Values for mean fluorescence intensity per gram tissue were then converted to a percentage of injected dose per gram tissue (% iD/g) tissue according to biodistribution data of 64Cu-labeled polyglucose nanoparticles[62 (link)].
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10

Biodistribution Imaging of Encapsulated siRNA

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For biodistribution imaging, mice were sacrificed 2 hours after injection of 2mg/kg encapsulated siRNA labeled with a near infrared fluorochrome. Main organs were then harvested and imaged on a planar fluorescent reflectance imaging system (OV-110, Olympus) with an excitation wavelength of 630nm and exposure times of 60–75 msec.
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