3 4 5 dimethylthiazol 2 yl 2 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide mtt

For protein expression and purification, pET3a plasmids encoding c-terminal histidine-tagged ColN was provided by Professor Jeremy H. Lakey, Newcastle University, UK. Luria-Bertani broth and agar were bought from Hardy Diagnostics (Santa Maria, CA, USA). L-(+)-arabinose was obtained from TCI (Tokyo, Japan). Imidazole, DNase I, and ampicillin sodium salt were purchased from PanReac Applichem (Darmstadt, DE, USA). PierceTM protease inhibitor tablets and bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit was purchased from Thermo Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). 10X Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS), skim milk powder and sodium chloride (NaCl) were purchased from Vivantis Technologies (Selangor, MY) and Ajax Finechem (Seven Hills, NSW 2147, Australia).
For cell culture, DMEM/Ham’s F-12, DMEM high glucose and 1X HEPES were bought from HyClone (Logan, Utah), 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), 1% penicilin/streptomycin from Gibco (Gaithersburg, MA, USA). The reagents 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, CB2 0AX, UK). Cisplatin and Doxorubicin were bought from Sigma Chemical, Inc. (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Oligo-Fucoidan was obtained from Hi-Q Marine Biotech International Ltd. (New Taipei City, Taiwan), and 17β-estradiol (E2) was supplied and purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Keratinocyte serum-free medium, human recombinant epidermal growth factor (EGF; 0.1 ng/mL), and bovine pituitary extract (0.05 mg/mL) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Trypan blue and a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit were purchased from T-Pro Biotechnology (Dublin, UK). 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) (catalog number: ab146345) was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA).

Polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAA; Mw: 50,000 g mol⁻¹), aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH; 1 M), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA; Mw: 89,000–98,000 g mol⁻¹; 99+% hydrolyzed); Toluidine Blue (certified) and polystyrene sulfonic acid, sodium salt (PSS); sodium pyruvate (P2256); L-glutamine (G7513), penicillin/streptomycin (1%, P0781), dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Succinic anhydride and potassium hydroxide (KOH; pellets) were purchased from Merck (Hohenbrunn, Germany). Hydrochloric acid (HCl; 0.1 M) was purchased from Kefo (Ljubljana, Slovenia). Dialysis tubes (regenerated cellulose membrane, MWCO 6–8 kDa) were purchased from Carl Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany). Minimum Essential Medium (MEM; 51200-046) and Foetal bovine serum (100500-064) were from Gibco™ (Amarillo, TX, USA). Trypsin, was from Invitrogen (Waltham, MA, USA). Etoposide (ET) was from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX, USA). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was from PAA Laboratories (Toronto, Canada). Ultra-pure water from a Millipore (MA, USA) water purification system (resistivity ≥ 18.2 MΩ cm, pH 6.8) was used for the preparation of all aqueous solutions throughout the whole work.