Pepsin from porcine gastric mucosa, porcine bile extract and pancreatin and lipase from porcine pancreas were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Gastric lipase (rabbit gastric extract, RGE 15) was obtained from Lipolytech® (Marseille, France). The protocols described in Brodkorb et al. [28 (link)] were applied to determine the enzyme activities. Dichloromethane, chloroform, hexane, methanol, isooctane, isopropanol, dimethylformamide and acetonitrile, which were all HPLC grade, were purchased from Labscan (Dublin, Ireland). The purified water was obtained from a Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, Milford, MA, USA). Sodium sulphate anhydrous, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium carbonate were obtained from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain). Sodium methoxide (95%), sodium citrate dehydrate, formic acid (98%), triethylamine (99.5%), acetic acid and trinanoin were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
Anhydrous sodium sulphate
Manufactured by ITW Reagents
Sourced in Spain
Anhydrous sodium sulfate is a chemical compound with the formula Na2SO4. It is a white, crystalline solid that is used as a desiccant, or a drying agent, in various laboratory and industrial applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Sodium chloride (nacl), by ITW Reagents (3 mentions)
Potassium chloride (kcl), by ITW Reagents (3 mentions)
Acetic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sodium carbonate, by ITW Reagents (2 mentions)
Formic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Hexane, by ITW Reagents (2 mentions)
Acetone, by ITW Reagents (2 mentions)
Chloroform, by ITW Reagents (2 mentions)
Trichloroacetic acid, by ITW Reagents (2 mentions)
Ethyl acetate, by ITW Reagents (2 mentions)
Cyclohexanone, by ITW Reagents (2 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by ITW Reagents (2 mentions)
Potassium hydroxide, by ITW Reagents (2 mentions)
Sodium phosphate, by ITW Reagents (2 mentions)
2 propanol, by ITW Reagents (2 mentions)
Methanol, by ITW Reagents (2 mentions)
19 hydroxycholesterol, by Steraloids (2 mentions)
Thiobarbituric acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
5α cholestane, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
9 protocols using anhydrous sodium sulphate
1
Determination of Lipolytic Enzyme Activities
2
Analytical Method for Ochratoxin A
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All solvents and reagents were analytical grade or HPLC grade. The OTA standard and the U-[ 13 C 20 ]-OTA standard (internal standard, IS) used to prepare standard solutions for the validation of the applied methodology were purchased from Biopure (Tulln, Austria). Ochraprep® immunoaffinity columns from R-Biopharm AG (Darmstadt, Germany) were used for samples purification. Acetonitrile, acetic acid, sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate anhydrous, potassium chloride and sodium carbonate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St Louis, MO, USA); sodium chloride and sodium sulphate anhydrous were obtained from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain); sodium hydroxide, methanol, and formic acid were purchased from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany), WWR Chemicals (Milano, Italy), and Carlo Erba Reagents (Cornaredo, MI, Italy), respectively. Ultrapure water used throughout the experiments was produced by a Millipore Milli-Q system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).
3
Comprehensive Phytochemical Analysis
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Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent (2N), beta-carotene (synthetic, >95%), lycopene (from tomato, >90%), caffeic acid (>98%), chlorogenic acid (titration, >95%), p-coumaric acid (>98%), trans-ferulic acid (>99%), DL-dithiothreitol (>98%, HPLC), acetone, acetonitrile (HPLC grade), dichloromethane (HPLC grade), ethanol (HPLC grade), acetic acid and hexane (HPLC grade) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Madrid, Spain). Methanol (HPLC grade), meta-phosphoric acid, sodium carbonate anhydrous, sodium chloride and sodium sulphate anhydrous were purchased from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain).
4
Extraction and Derivatization Protocol
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Ethyl acetate and n-hexane of LiChrosolv grade were supplied by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Ethanol (96% vol.) and diethyl ether of analytical grade were supplied by VWR (Leuven, Belgium). Potassium hydroxide (85%) pellets and anhydrous sodium sulphate, both of PA-ACS grade, were supplied by Panreac (Barcelona, Spain). 2,7-diclorofluorescein of analytical grade was supplied by Fluka Chemical Co. (Ronkonkoma, NY, USA). 5α-cholestane-3β-ol and betulin were supplied by Fluka Chemical Co. (Ronkonkoma, NY, USA) and used as internal standards. Derivatizing reagent, a mixture 99:1 (v/v) of N,O-bis (trimethylsilyl)-trifluoroacetamide and trimethylchlorosilane were supplied by Tokyo Chemical Industry CO. (Tokyo, Japan). Anhydrous pyridine of analytical grade (ref. 7463) was supplied by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Diatomaceous Earth, 6/60 mesh was supplied by Restek (Bellefonte, PA, USA). Adsorbent-phase Bondesil-NH2 40 µm was supplied by Varian, Inc., (Walnut Creek, CA, USA). Commercial SLE cartridge Strata DE, 60 cc, was supplied by Phenomenex (Torrance, CA, USA). All other reagents were of analytical grade.
5
Analytical Reagents for Phytochemical Analysis
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Ethanol p.a, hydrochloric acid (370 g·L−1), iron (II) sulphate heptahydrate, iron (III) chloride hexahydrate, sodium acetate trihydrate, were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, and potassium hexacyanoferrate (III), gallic acid (990 g·L−1) were purchased from Sigma (Sternheim, Germany). Sodium carbonate anhydrous was obtained from BDH (Poole, UK), while 2,4,6-tris (2-pyridyl)-S-triazine (TPTZ, 990 g·L−1) and ferric chloride were acquired from Fluka (Buchs, Germany), and anhydrous sodium sulphate from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain). Ethanol absolute anhydrous was purchased from Carlo Erba (Marseille, France). Luteolinidin chloride was acquired from Chromadex (Los Angeles, CA, USA). Maltodextrin (DE 16.5–19.5) and Arabic gum was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). All other unlabelled chemicals and reagents were analytical, or HPLC-MS Optima grade from Fisher Scientific (Waltham, CA, USA).
6
Patulin Quantification in Food Samples
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Patulin pure standard and dibasic potassium phosphate trihydrated were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Sant Louis, MO, USA). Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid solutions, sodium carbonate, anhydrous sodium sulphate and citric acid from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain). Formic acid, malic acid and ferrous sulphate heptahydrate from VWR (Fontenay-sous-Bois, France). Acetic acid, methanol HPLC grade, ethyl acetate and sucrose from Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK). Tetrahydrofurane (THF) from Scharlau (Barcelona, Spain) and GSH from Across Chemicals (Geel, Belgium). Milli-Q water was obtained from a Millipore system (Milford, USA).
7
Extraction and Analysis of Compounds
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Dichloromethane and methanol were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Ammonium sulphate and anhydrous sodium sulphate came from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain). Pure water was obtained from a Milli-Q purification system (Millipore, U.S.). LiChrolut EN resins were purchased from Merck. The Chemicals standards were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich, Firmenich, Panreac, Merck, Fluka, and Lancaster.
8
Meat and Fat Composition Analysis
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Fresh beef and pork meat (loin) and pork back fat were obtained from a local meat market. Sunflower oil (Urzante S.L, Navarra, Spain) was obtained in a local market.
Carrageenan (kappa-carrageenan) was kindly donated by Cargill (San Sebastián, Spain).
Cholesterol, 5α-cholestane, thiobarbituric acid, fatty acid methyl esters and Polysorbate 80 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical (Steinheim, Germany). 19hydroxycholesterol was obtained from Steraloids (Wilton, NH, USA). Tri-sil® reagent was obtained from Pierce (Rockford, IL, USA). Acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, hexane, 2-propanol, hydrochloric acid, cyclohexanone, trichloroacetic acid, potassium chloride, potassium hydroxide, anhydrous sodium sulphate and sodium phosphate were obtained from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain). hexane for gas chromatography, dichloromethane for gas chromatography and boron trifluoride/methanol were from Merck (Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA). Strata NH 2 (55 µm, 70 A) 500 mg/3 mL Solid Phase Extraction cartridges were obtained from Phenomenex (Torrance, CA, USA).
Carrageenan (kappa-carrageenan) was kindly donated by Cargill (San Sebastián, Spain).
Cholesterol, 5α-cholestane, thiobarbituric acid, fatty acid methyl esters and Polysorbate 80 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical (Steinheim, Germany). 19hydroxycholesterol was obtained from Steraloids (Wilton, NH, USA). Tri-sil® reagent was obtained from Pierce (Rockford, IL, USA). Acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, hexane, 2-propanol, hydrochloric acid, cyclohexanone, trichloroacetic acid, potassium chloride, potassium hydroxide, anhydrous sodium sulphate and sodium phosphate were obtained from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain). hexane for gas chromatography, dichloromethane for gas chromatography and boron trifluoride/methanol were from Merck (Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA). Strata NH 2 (55 µm, 70 A) 500 mg/3 mL Solid Phase Extraction cartridges were obtained from Phenomenex (Torrance, CA, USA).
9
Comprehensive Lipid Extraction and Analysis
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Cholesterol, stigmasterol, 5α-cholestane, heptadecanoic acid, α-tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, ammonium thyocianate and thiobarbituric acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical (Steinheim, Germany). 19-hydroxyCholesterol was obtained from Steraloids (Wilton, NH, USA). Tri-sil ® reagent was obtained from Thermo-Scientific (Rockford, IL, USA). Hexane, heptane, acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, methanol, 2-propanol, hydrochloric acid, cyclohexanone, trichloroacetic acid, potassium chloride, potassium hydroxide, ammonium iron (II) sulphate, barium chloride, anhydrous sodium sulphate and sodium phosphate were obtained from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain). Strata NH 2 (55 µm, 70 A) 500 mg / 3 mL Solid Phase Extraction cartridges were obtained from Phenomenex (Torrance, USA). Sunflower oil was purchased in a major local distributor.
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