Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed using an analyzer (TG209F1 Iris; Netzsch, Selb, Germany) in aluminum crucibles at a heating rate of 10 °C min−1 from 40 °C to 600 °C under nitrogen purging (60 mL min−1).
Tg 209 f1 iris
Manufactured by Netzsch
Sourced in Germany
The TG 209 F1 Iris is a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) designed for thermal analysis. It measures the change in the mass of a sample as a function of temperature or time in a controlled atmosphere. The instrument provides precise and accurate data on sample weight changes, which can be used to analyze material properties and behavior.
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Lab products found in correlation
Tensor 27 infrared spectrometer, by Bruker (2 mentions)
Melting point b 540 apparatus, by Büchi (1 mentions)
Vista mpx instrument, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
X pert mpd diffractometer, by Philips (1 mentions)
Avance drx 400 nmr spectrometer, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Cm120, by Philips (1 mentions)
Equinox 55 spectrometer, by Bruker (1 mentions)
H 7650, by Hitachi (1 mentions)
Ls1 materials testing system, by Ametek (1 mentions)
S4700, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Cary 630 ftir spectrometer, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Titan cubed 80 300, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Ptfe filter, by Sartorius (1 mentions)
Dsc 204 f1 phoenix, by Netzsch (1 mentions)
15 protocols using tg 209 f1 iris
1
Thermal Analysis of Materials
2
Thermal Analysis of Polymer Samples
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TGA analysis was performed
on a TG 209 F1 IRIS instrument, NETZSCH (Selb, Germany). The pristine
polymer sample as a powder (10–15 mg) was placed in aluminum
oxide crucibles (NETZSCH, Selb, Germany) and heated from 30 to 900
°C with a heating rate of 10 K/min under synthetic air while
detecting the mass loss.
on a TG 209 F1 IRIS instrument, NETZSCH (Selb, Germany). The pristine
polymer sample as a powder (10–15 mg) was placed in aluminum
oxide crucibles (NETZSCH, Selb, Germany) and heated from 30 to 900
°C with a heating rate of 10 K/min under synthetic air while
detecting the mass loss.
3
Characterization of Palladium-based Catalysts
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All chemicals were purchased from Merck, Sigma-Aldrich, and Fluka. Melting points were determined using a Büchi B540 melting point apparatus. The IR spectra were recorded on an Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ABB Bomem model FTLA 2000 spectrophotometer) (KBr).1H NMR (300 MHz) and 13C NMR (75 MHz) spectra were recorded with a commercial Bruker AQS-300 Avance spectrometer using DMSO-d6 or CDCl3 as solvent. Palladium content of the catalyst was determined by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) on a Varian Vista-MPX instrument. X-ray diffraction (XRD) images were provided from 8025-BesTec twin anode XR3E2 X-ray source system. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed using a thermal gravimetric analysis instrument (NETZSCH TG 209 F1 Iris) under nitrogen atmosphere. The surface morphology was applied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) (Vega, TESCAN-Model) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) facility.
4
Comprehensive Characterization of Catalytic Materials
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A Bruker (DRX-400 Avance) NMR spectrometer was used to obtain the NMR spectra. FTIR spectra were obtained using the Bruker, Equinox 55 spectrometer. Melting points were determined by the Buchi melting point B-540 B.V.CHI apparatus. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) was carried out via Mira 3-XMU, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was conducted using Philips CM120 with the LaB6 cathode and the accelerating voltage of 120 kV. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was obtained by the Philips X'pert MPD diffractometer equipped with a Cu Kα anode (k = 1.54 Å) in the 2θ range from 10° to 80°. The VSM measurements were performed using a vibrating sample magnetometer (Meghnatis Daghigh Kavir Co. Kashan, Iran). The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted by NETZSCH TG 209 F1 Iris. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) of the catalyst was conducted by the EDS instrument Phenom pro X.
5
Characterization of Cellulose Hydrogel Scaffolds
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The morphologies and sizes of cellulose hydrogel were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM, H-7650, Hitachi, Japan). Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) of the samples were collected with a FTIR spectrometer (Thermo Electron Instruments Co., Ltd., USA) in the frequency range of 4000–400 cm−1 with a total of 32 scans and resolution of 4 cm−1. The thermal stability of the cellulose hydrogels was determined with a thermal gravimetric analyzer (NETZSCH TG 209F1 Iris). The element content of hydrogel was obtained by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS, S–3000 N, Hitachi, Japan). The crystalline structures of tunic, tunic hydrogel and PTC hydrogel were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Atomic force microscope (AFM, Bruker Dimension ico) was used to measure the root-mean-square (RMS) surface roughness (Rq) of tunic, tunic hydrogel and PTC hydrogel. The mechanical properties of different scaffolds were studied by compression test with LS1 materials testing system (AMETEK, America), compressive ramp up to 80% strain and strain rate of 10% per minute, preload of 0.05 N was used.
6
Thermal Stability Analysis of Ionic Liquids
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The thermal stability
of the ILs was studied by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)
using a NETZSCH thermomicrobalance (model TG 209 F1 Iris). The experiments
were performed under a nitrogen atmosphere (99.999%). Flows of 10
and 40 mL·min–1 were used as protective and
purge gas, respectively. During experiments, the samples were held
in 25 μL aluminum crucibles and were heated between 303 and
743 K. The evaluation of the thermal stability was performed using
four distinct scanning rates (β = 0.8, 2, 5,
and 10 K·min–1), and the decomposition temperature
at null scanning rate, Td (β = 0 K·min–1), was taken based on the linear
extrapolation of the onset of the TGA curve, Td, as a function of β1/3 (extrapolation
methodology based in the model that provided the best linear description
of the scanning rate dependence). Additional information, data analysis,
and raw data are available asSI .
of the ILs was studied by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)
using a NETZSCH thermomicrobalance (model TG 209 F1 Iris). The experiments
were performed under a nitrogen atmosphere (99.999%). Flows of 10
and 40 mL·min–1 were used as protective and
purge gas, respectively. During experiments, the samples were held
in 25 μL aluminum crucibles and were heated between 303 and
743 K. The evaluation of the thermal stability was performed using
four distinct scanning rates (β = 0.8, 2, 5,
and 10 K·min–1), and the decomposition temperature
at null scanning rate, Td (β = 0 K·min–1), was taken based on the linear
extrapolation of the onset of the TGA curve, Td, as a function of β1/3 (extrapolation
methodology based in the model that provided the best linear description
of the scanning rate dependence). Additional information, data analysis,
and raw data are available as
7
Morphological Characterization of BNNT Samples
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Morphology
of the BNNT samples produced under different conditions was analyzed
by SEM (Hitachi, S-4700) and HR-TEM (FEI Titan cubed 80-300). The
SEM samples were mounted on aluminum stubs using carbon tapes without
gold coating. Each sample was analyzed with a 2 kV, 5 μA probe
current at a working distance of 8 mm. TEM samples were prepared by
dispersing a few milligrams of the as-produced samples in deionized
water using bath sonication for 10 min. The solutions were deposited
on a 200 mesh TEM copper grid coated with lacey carbon, and images
were acquired at 300 kV. TGA (NETZSCH TG 209 F1 Iris) was carried
out by heating a ∼10 mg sample under an air atmosphere to 950
°C at a rate of 10 °C/min. The molecular structure of BN
impurities was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR)
spectroscopy using an Agilent Cary 630 FT-IR spectrometer, with a
diamond attenuated total reflectance (ATR) cell as the sample interface.
of the BNNT samples produced under different conditions was analyzed
by SEM (Hitachi, S-4700) and HR-TEM (FEI Titan cubed 80-300). The
SEM samples were mounted on aluminum stubs using carbon tapes without
gold coating. Each sample was analyzed with a 2 kV, 5 μA probe
current at a working distance of 8 mm. TEM samples were prepared by
dispersing a few milligrams of the as-produced samples in deionized
water using bath sonication for 10 min. The solutions were deposited
on a 200 mesh TEM copper grid coated with lacey carbon, and images
were acquired at 300 kV. TGA (NETZSCH TG 209 F1 Iris) was carried
out by heating a ∼10 mg sample under an air atmosphere to 950
°C at a rate of 10 °C/min. The molecular structure of BN
impurities was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR)
spectroscopy using an Agilent Cary 630 FT-IR spectrometer, with a
diamond attenuated total reflectance (ATR) cell as the sample interface.
8
Thermal Decomposition Analysis of Epoxy Resins
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Both decomposition and evolved gases were investigated under pyrolytic and thermo-oxidative conditions via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy coupled with thermogravimetric analysis. For epoxy resins with and without FRs, 10 mg of powder attained from cryomilling were used for measurements, while 5 mg samples were measured for pure FRs. Using a TG 209 F1 Iris (Netzsch Instruments, Selb, Germany), samples were heated at a rate of 10 K min−1 from 30 to 900 °C under a nitrogen or synthetic air (80:20) gas flow of 30 mL min−1. The evolved gases were analyzed using a Tensor27 infrared spectrometer (Bruker Optics, Ettlingen, Germany), which was coupled to the TGA via a transfer line heated to 270 °C.
9
Thermogravimetric Analysis of Foams
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For thermogravimetric analysis (TG), a TG 209 F1 Iris (Netzsch, Selb, Germany) was used. All materials were pyrolyzed under nitrogen with a flow of 30 mL/min at a heating rate of 10 K/min. TG was performed under pyrolytic conditions to simulate the lack of oxygen in a laminar flame. A sample size of 5 mg was used, and the samples were provided as powder in a ceramic crucible. All foams were milled under liquid nitrogen in a CryoMill (Retsch, Haan, Germany). For every material TG was done at least twice, the results reported are the averaged values. TG as well as differential TG (DTG) results are shown in this paper. The temperature of 5 wt % mass loss marks the beginning of decomposition and is hereafter referred to as T95%.
10
Thermal Analysis of Polymer Samples
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Thermogravimetric analysis was performed on TG 209 F1 IRIS, NETZSCH (Selb, Germany). The powdered polymer samples (10–15 mg) were placed in aluminium oxide crucibles (NETZSCH Selb, Germany) and heated under synthetic air from 30 °C to 900 °C with the heating rate of 10 K/min while detecting the mass loss.
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