Polystyrene ps nanoplastic particles

An assortment of plastics was selected to represent typical micro- and nanoplastic types, including polyolefins, polyesters, and polyamides, featuring assorted structural motives (see Figure S1 for structures) [1 ]. The microplastics polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinylidene dichloride (PVDC), and polyamide (Nylon 12, PA) were procured from Goodfellow (Hamburg, Germany) as dry powders. Polystyrene (PS) nanoplastic particles (100 nm particle size standard) were obtained in the form of an aqueous suspension from Thermo Scientific (Bremen, Germany). The fluorescent dyes acridine orange (hydrochloride), rhodamine 6G, rhodamine B, fluorescein (disodium salt), and eosinY (disodium salt) were purchased from Magnacol Ltd. (Newtown, UK) (see Figure S2 for structures). The porphyrin derivatives TPP, copper(II), vanadate, and zinc tetraphenylporhyrins (Cu-TPP, V-TPP, Zn-TPP), along with tetrahydrofuran (THF), ethanol, 1-octanol, pluronic surfactant, and Cu(OAc)₂, were acquired from Sigma Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). All chemicals were used as received. ⁶⁴Cu was produced at the in-house cyclotron at the HZDR Research Site Leipzig [42 (link)].

An assortment of plastics was selected to represent typical micro- and nanoplastic types, including polyolefins, polyesters, and polyamides, featuring assorted structural motives (see Figure S1 for structures) [1 ]. The microplastics polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinylidene dichloride (PVDC), and polyamide (Nylon 12, PA) were procured from Goodfellow (Hamburg, Germany) as dry powders. Polystyrene (PS) nanoplastic particles (100 nm particle size standard) were obtained in the form of an aqueous suspension from Thermo Scientific (Bremen, Germany). The fluorescent dyes acridine orange (hydrochloride), rhodamine 6G, rhodamine B, fluorescein (disodium salt), and eosinY (disodium salt) were purchased from Magnacol Ltd. (Newtown, UK) (see Figure S2 for structures). The porphyrin derivatives TPP, copper(II), vanadate, and zinc tetraphenylporhyrins (Cu-TPP, V-TPP, Zn-TPP), along with tetrahydrofuran (THF), ethanol, 1-octanol, pluronic surfactant, and Cu(OAc)₂, were acquired from Sigma Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). All chemicals were used as received. ⁶⁴Cu was produced at the in-house cyclotron at the HZDR Research Site Leipzig [42 (link)].