A total of 312 nasal swabs were collected from pigs with a respiratory disease from 15 swine farms in Fujian Province, China (Supplementary Table S1 ). Subsequently, the samples were transferred into tryptic soy broth (TSB) (OXOID Ltd., UK). These TSB samples were then vortexed and plated onto tryptic soy agar (TSA) (OXOID Ltd., UK) supplemented with 5% defibrillated sheep blood (Zhengzhou Jiulong Biotechnology Co., Ltd., China) and 5% bovine serum (Zhejiang Tianhang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., China). A single colony was purified, after which PCR was performed to identify the 16S rRNA gene homology of the isolates using the primers 27F/1492R (Supplementary Table S2 ). Subsequently, the isolates identified as Moraxella spp. were further studied.
Bovine serum
Manufactured by Zhejiang Tianhang Biotechnology
Sourced in China
Bovine serum is a common laboratory reagent derived from the blood of cattle. It is a complex mixture of proteins, growth factors, hormones, and other biomolecules that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in cell culture applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Ceftazidime, by BD (1 mentions)
Ciprofloxacin, by BD (1 mentions)
Amikacin, by BD (1 mentions)
Streptomycin, by BD (1 mentions)
Ampicillin, by BD (1 mentions)
Gentamicin, by BD (1 mentions)
Enrofloxacin, by BD (1 mentions)
Kanamycin, by BD (1 mentions)
Ofloxacin, by BD (1 mentions)
Amoxicillin, by BD (1 mentions)
Norfloxacin, by BD (1 mentions)
Ceftriaxone, by BD (1 mentions)
Doxycycline, by BD (1 mentions)
Azithromycin, by BD (1 mentions)
Spectinomycin, by BD (1 mentions)
2 protocols using bovine serum
1
Isolation and Identification of Moraxella spp. from Swine Nasal Samples
2
Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiling
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Twenty antibiotic agents (Hangzhou Binhe Microorganism Reagent Co., Ltd) were used, including cefotazime (30 µg), cephradine (30 µg), ceftriaxone (30 µg), ceftazidime (30 µg), amox-icillin (20 µg) and ampicillin (10 µg), ofloxacin (5 µg), ciprofloxacin (5 µg), enrofloxacin (10 µg), norfloxacin (10 µg), spectinomycin (100 µg), gentamicin (10 µg), streptomycin (10 µg), amikacin (30 µg), kanamycin (30 µg), doxycycline (30 µg), lincomycin (30 µg), azithromycin (15 µg), polymyxin B (300 µg) and trimethoprim (23.75/1.25 µg).
Each purified isolates of tested bacteria were evenly spread onto a tryptic soy agar plate (TSA, BD TM , USA) that had been coated with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide liquid (NAD, Guangzhou Saiguo Biotech, China) and bovine serum (Zhejiang Tianhang Biotechnology, China). The antimicrobial discs were placed onto the surface of the agar. The plates were then incubated at 37 o C for about 24 h. The inhibition zone diameter was measured and compared with standardized CLSI interpretive criteria to designate the isolate as sensitive, intermediate or resistant to the drug (CLSI, 2018) . In this study, the isolates that showed intermediate were classified as resistant.
Each purified isolates of tested bacteria were evenly spread onto a tryptic soy agar plate (TSA, BD TM , USA) that had been coated with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide liquid (NAD, Guangzhou Saiguo Biotech, China) and bovine serum (Zhejiang Tianhang Biotechnology, China). The antimicrobial discs were placed onto the surface of the agar. The plates were then incubated at 37 o C for about 24 h. The inhibition zone diameter was measured and compared with standardized CLSI interpretive criteria to designate the isolate as sensitive, intermediate or resistant to the drug (CLSI, 2018) . In this study, the isolates that showed intermediate were classified as resistant.
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