17b estradiol

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

17β-estradiol is a laboratory chemical used in research applications. It is a naturally occurring estrogen hormone. The core function of 17β-estradiol is as a reference standard and analytical reagent for research and development purposes.

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17b-estradiol (E2; Estradiol

12 protocols using 17b estradiol

Bovine Oocyte In Vitro Maturation

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Bovine ovaries were obtained from a local abattoir. COCs were collected by aspiration from follicles 2–8 mm in diameter.
Collected COCs were washed three times in PBS supplemented with 3 mg/ml BSA (crystallized BSA, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA),
100 IU/ml penicilline G potassium (Meiji Seika, Tokyo, Japan) and 100 μg/ml streptomycin (Meiji Seika). The COCs were cultured in
groups of 50 in four-well dishes (Nunc, Roskilde, Denmark) with 500 μl TCM-199 (Gibco-BRL, Grand Island, NY, USA) supplemented
with 1, 5, 10 and 15% sericin solution (substantially 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15% sericin/medium) or 5% FBS (Tissue Culture
Biologicals, Tulare, CA, USA), 1 μg/ml estradiol (17b-estradiol, Sigma) and 0.002 AU/ml FSH (Antrin R, Kawasakimitaka, Tokyo,
Japan) for 20–22 h at 38.5 C in an atmosphere of 5% CO₂ in air with maximum humidity. After IVM, the nuclei of oocytes
were stained with 1% orcein, and the metaphase II (MII) rates were examined.

HOSOE M., YOSHIDA N., HASHIYADA Y., TERAMOTO H., TAKAHASHI T, & NIIMURA S. (2014). Sericin Accelerates the Production of Hyaluronan and Decreases the Incidence of Polyspermy Fertilization in Bovine Oocytes During In Vitro Maturation. The Journal of Reproduction and Development, 60(4), 268-273.

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Estrogen Receptor Modulation Assay

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Tamoxifen, 17b-estradiol, were purchased from Sigma UK, and ERB-041 (ERb agonist) and PPT (ERa agonist) from Tocris UK. They were dissolved in DMSO and diluted in serum free RPMI to their working dilutions Tamoxifen (2mM), 17b-estradiol (10nM), ERB-041 (100nM) and PPT (100nM).

Baker R., Dell’Acqua G., Richards A, & Thornton M.J. (2024). Nutraceuticals known to promote hair growth do not interfere with the inhibitory action of tamoxifen in MCF7, T47D and BT483 breast cancer cell lines. PLOS ONE, 19(2), e0297080.

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Wheat Straw Pretreatment and Fermentation

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Carbamazepine (CBZ), BPA, estrone (E1), 17b-estradiol (E2), 17a-ethinylestradiol (EE2), MnSO₄, C₂H₃NaO₂, H₂O₂, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (DMP), and Tween-80 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Barcelona, Spain). Glucose, KH₂PO₄, NaC₂H₃O₂, and CaCl₂ were purchased from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain), meat peptone from Cultimed (Barcelona, Spain), yeast extract from iNtRON Biotechnology (Seongnam, South Korea), and MgSO₄·7H₂O from Fluka (Steinheim, Germany). Wheat straw was obtained from a local supplier (Carral, A Coruña, Spain) and stored at room temperature until use. The contents of cellulose and hemicellulose, as well as fermentable sugars in the wheat straw, are presented in Supplemental Table S1. These parameters are decisive in identifying the concentration of the C source present in the wheat straw for the formulation of the fermentation medium.

González-Rodríguez S., Lu-Chau T.A., Trueba-Santiso A., Eibes G, & Moreira M.T. (2022). Bundling the removal of emerging contaminants with the production of ligninolytic enzymes from residual streams. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 106(3), 1299-1311.

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Fentanyl and Estradiol Administration in Rats

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Fentanyl hydrochloride was obtained from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (Research Triangle Park, NC) and dissolved in sterile saline at a concentration of 6.25 μg/mL. Fentanyl solutions were sterile filtered (0.22 μm; Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) and stored at 4°C. Rats were weighed Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, and the duration of infusion was adjusted for changes in body weight to ensure that the mg/kg dose was consistent throughout the study. 17B-estradiol was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO) and dissolved in corn oil (administered as 5 μg/0.1 mL).

, & Gould S.J. (1994). Tempo and mode in the macroevolutionary reconstruction of Darwinism.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 91(15), 6764-6771.

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Breast Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts

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Fresh tumor samples from patients with breast cancer were prospectively collected for implantation into nude mice, according to the principles of the WMA Declaration of Helsinki and the Department of Health and Human Services Belmont Report. The experiments followed the European Union's animal care directive (2010/63/EU) and were approved by the Ethical Committee of Animal Experimentation of Vall d'Hebron Research Institute. Newly obtained metastatic human breast cancer samples were immediately implanted into the lower flanks of 6-week-old female athymic HsdCpb:NMRI-Foxn1nu (Harlan Laboratories) or NOD.Cg-Prkdc scid Il2rg tm1Wjl/SzJ (Charles River) mice. Animals were continuously supplemented with 1 mmol/L 17b-estradiol (Sigma-Aldrich) in their drinking water. Upon growth of the engrafted tumors, the model was perpetuated by serial transplantation onto the lower flank. In each passage, flash-frozen and FFPE samples were taken for genotyping and histologic studies.

Sánchez-Guixé M., Hierro C., Jiménez J., Viaplana C., Villacampa G., Monelli E., Brasó-Maristany F., Ogbah Z., Parés M., Guzmán M., Grueso J., Rodríguez O., Oliveira M., Azaro A., Garralda E., Tabernero J., Casanovas O., Scaltriti M., Prat A., Dienstmann R., Nuciforo P., Saura C., Graupera M., Vivancos A., Rodon J, & Serra V. (2022). High FGFR1-4 mRNA Expression Levels Correlate with Response to Selective FGFR Inhibitors in Breast Cancer. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 28(1).

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Ovarian Steroid Hormone Regulation of Pla2g10

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To examine the actions of ovarian steroid hormones on expression of Pla2g10, adult female mice were OVX, rested for 14 days, and then appropriately treated with steroid hormones for each experiment performed in this study. Mice were sacrificed and their uterine horns were collected for real-time RT-PCR and/or immunofluorescence after ovarian steroid hormone treatment.
To investigate time-dependent actions of P 4 (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) and E 2 (17b-estradiol, Sigma-Aldrich) on the expression of Pla2g10 in mouse uterus, adult OVX mice were subcutaneously injected with P 4 (2 mg/mouse) or P 4 + E 2 (200 ng/mouse) and sacrificed at various time points (0, 3, 6, and 24 h) after injection. To examine the dose-dependent induction of Pla2g10 by P 4 , mice were given a single injection of vehicle (sesame oil, 0.1 ml/mouse) or P 4 at various concentrations (0.25 to 2 mg). To analyze whether P 4 works through a nuclear PR for Pla2g10 expression in mouse uterus, adult OVX mice were pretreated with the PR antagonist RU-486 (1 mg/mouse, Sigma-Aldrich), 30 min before P 4 (2 mg/mouse) injection and then sacrificed 24 h later.

Park H.K., Park S., Lee M., Kim G.R., Park M., Yang S.C., Kim Y.S., Kim H.R., & Song H. (2020). Secretory phospholipase A2-X (Pla2g10) is a novel progesterone receptor target gene exclusively induced in uterine luminal epithelium for uterine receptivity in mice.

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Ovarian Steroid Hormone Regulation of Pla2g10

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To examine the actions of ovarian steroid hormones on expression of Pla2g10, adult female mice were OVX, rested for 14 days, and then appropriately treated with steroid hormones for each experiment performed in this study. Mice were sacri ced and their uterine horns were collected for real-time RT-PCR and/or immuno uorescence after ovarian steroid hormone treatment.
To investigate time-dependent actions of P 4 (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) and E 2 (17b-estradiol, Sigma-Aldrich) on the expression of Pla2g10 in mouse uterus, adult OVX mice were subcutaneously injected with P 4 (2 mg/mouse) or P 4 + E 2 (200 ng/mouse) and sacri ced at various time points (0, 3, 6, and 24 h) after injection. To examine the dose-dependent induction of Pla2g10 by P 4 , mice were given a single injection of vehicle (sesame oil, 0.1 ml/mouse) or P 4 at various concentrations (0.25 to 2 mg). To analyze whether P 4 works through a nuclear PR for Pla2g10 expression in mouse uterus, adult OVX mice were pretreated with the PR antagonist RU-486 (1 mg/mouse, Sigma-Aldrich), 30 min before P 4 (2 mg/mouse) injection and then sacri ced 24 h later.

Park H.K., Park S., Lee M., Kim G.R., Park M., Yang S.C., Kim Y.S., Lim H.J., Kim H.R., & Song H. (2020). Secretory phospholipase A2-X (Pla2g10) is a novel progesterone receptor target gene exclusively induced in uterine luminal epithelium for uterine receptivity in mice.

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Long-term Estrogen Exposure in GH3B6 Cells

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The rat somatolactotroph pituitary adenoma GH3B6 cell line was cultured in HAM-F12 medium (Sigma-Aldrich) supplemented with 5% v/v FCS and 12% v/v horse serum (Invitrogen), as previously described (Petiti et al. 2010) (link). After 3 days of culture and 70% of confluence in order to recreate estrogenic doses administration at E40-E60, cells were exposed to 17b-estradiol (E 2 ; 4 nM; Sigma-Aldrich) or vehicle for 120 h and then submitted to the cytochemical detection of SA-b-gal staining.

Sabatino M.E., Petiti J.P., Sosa L.D.V., Pérez P.A., Gutiérrez S., Leimgruber C., Latini A., Torres A.I, & De Paul A.L. (2015). Evidence of cellular senescence during the development of estrogen-induced pituitary tumors. Endocrine-related cancer, 22(3).

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Biochemical Reagent Preparation

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Ferrous sulfate (FeSO 4 ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), 17bestradiol, alkaline phosphatase, and nuclease P 1 were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). MilliQ-purified H 2 O was used for preparing all solutions. All the used chemicals were of analytical grade and came from commercial sources.

Stepniak J, & Karbownik-Lewinska M. (2016). 17β-estradiol prevents experimentally-induced oxidative damage to membrane lipids and nuclear DNA in porcine ovary. Systems biology in reproductive medicine, 62(1).

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Cellular Apoptosis Detection Reagents

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The following reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO): 17b-estradiol, phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), ethidium bromide (EB), 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), 3-[(3-cholamido-propyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propane-sulfonate (CHAPS), low melting point (LMPA) and normal melting point agarose (NMPA), propidium iodide (PI), Triton X-100, dithiothreitol (DTT), DNAse I, poly-Llysine, NaHCO 3 , MgSO 4 , KCl, CaSO 4 $2H 2 O, NaCl, Trizma base and NaOH. The CaspACE™ Assay System, Colorimetric, was purchased from Promega (Madison, WI); proteinase K from Fluka (St Louis, MO); the ApopTag ® Fluorescein In Situ Apoptosis Detection S7100 kit from Chemicon International (Billerica, MA); and the Liqui-PREP™ Cytology System kit from PBM (Mexico City, Mexico).

Orozco-Hernández L., Gutiérrez-Gómez A.A., SanJuan-Reyes N., Islas-Flores H., García-Medina S., Galar-Martínez M., Dublán-García O., Natividad R, & Gómez-Oliván L.M. (2018). 17β-Estradiol induces cyto-genotoxicity on blood cells of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Chemosphere, 191.

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