Gentamicin

Yersinia enterocolitica ATCC 23715 was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and was activated in Luria-Bertani (LB) Nutrient Agar (Hopebio, Qingdao, China) for 24 h in a 37° constant temperature incubator. Before use, bacteria were cultured in LB broth (Hopebio, Qingdao, China) for 12 h with constant shaking (150 rpm) at 37°.
Chlorogenic acid (≥ 95%, CAS 327-97-9), extracted from Eucommia ulmoides, was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, United States) and dissolved in sterile water for use. Crystal violet (CAS 548-62-9) was obtained from Solarbio (Solarbio Science & Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China). L7012 LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit was purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, United States). Gentamicin was acquired from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China). All other reagents were of analytical grade.

The rubropunctatin was purified in our laboratory (purity ≥ 99%) [21 (link)]. Silver nitrate (AgNO₃) and gentamicin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). AgNPs (60 nm, purity ≥ 99.5%) and gentamicin (purity ≥ 99%) were purchased from Macklin (Shanghai, China). Escherichia coli (E. coli) was provided by the Microbiology Laboratory, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was obtained from the BNCC and stored in our microbiology laboratory. Sterile LB medium was prepared in our laboratory. SYTO9/PI staining kits and CCK-8 kit were purchased from KGI Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd. (Nanjing, China). DMEM medium, trypsin and penicillin–streptomycin solution were obtained from Gibco BRL (Gaithersburg, MD, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was obtained from Invitrogen GmbH (Karlsruhe, Germany). PBS (pH 7.2) was obtained from Shanghai Yuanpei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Mouse fibroblast 3T3 cells was purchased from Cell Resource Center of Shanghai Biological Sciences Institute (Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China). All other reagents (analytical grade) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) and used as received without additional purification.

The broad-spectrum aptamer for AAs was synthesized and purified from Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) and the sequence was as follows: 5′-CGGATCCCCAGCTCGGGGTGCTATGGAGGCTGTATCGGAGACCTGCAGG-3′. AAs including neomycin (NEO), kanamycin (KAN), gentamicin (GEN), streptomycin (STR), dihydrostreptomycin (DH-STR), tobramycin (TOB), spectinomycin (SPE), apramycin (APR), paromomycin (PAR), amikacin (AMI) and other antibiotics including tetracycline (TET), sulfadiazine (SUL), erythromycin (ERY), chloramphenicol (CHL) and ampicillin (AMP) were bought from Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and chitosan (CS) were purchased from Aladdin industrial Co. (Shanghai, China). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was obtained from BioDev-Tech. Co. (Beijing, China). Ti₃AlC₂ was got from XFNANO Materials Tech Co., Ltd. (Nanjing, China). OMC was purchased from Yoshikura Nanotechnology Co. (Nanjing, China). The [Fe(CN)₆]^3−/4− solution containing 5.0 mM K₄[Fe(CN)₆], 5.0 mM K₃[Fe( CN)₆] and 0.1 M KCl was prepared with ultrapure water as solvent. All chemicals were of analytical grade. All aqueous solutions in the experiment were prepared with ultrapure water obtained by water purification system (PALL, New York, NY, USA, 18.2 MΩ·cm at 25 °C).