Mmp 12

hUCB-MSCs were obtained from MEDIPOST Co. Ltd (Seoul, Korea). Fetal bovine serum was bought from BioWhittaker Inc. (Walkersville, MO, USA). AA, A23187, bisindolylmaleimide I, BrdU, Indomethacin, LY294002, mitomycin C, Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), rapamycin, 1-Aminobenzotriazole (1-ABT), and SB203580 were aquired from the Sigma Chemical Company (St Louis, MO, USA). Phospho-Akt^ser473, phospho-Akt^thr308, Akt1/2/3, β-Actin, collagen1A, collagen3A, collagen5A, fibronectin, phospho-p38, p38, phospho-JNK, JNK, p-ERK1/2, ERK, lamin A/C, MMP-12, pan-cadherin, PKCα, PKCɛ, PKCθ, PKCζ, PKC, Phospho-PKCζ, and Sp1 antibodies were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Phospho-PKC, phospho-mTOR^ser2481 (mTORC2), phospho-mTOR^ser2448 (mTORC1), and mTOR were purchased from Cell Signaling (Beverly, MA, USA). The Akt inhibitor I was aquired from Calbiochem (La Jolla, CA, USA). The CD34, GPR40, phospho-Sp1, and MT3-MMP antibodies were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). Mithramycin A was purchased from Tocris (Bristol, UK). Zymogram gels were bought from Novex (San Diego, CA, USA). Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-mouse and goat anti-rabbit IgG were obtained from Jackson Immunoresearch (West Grove, PA, USA). All other reagents were used as received and were of the highest purity commercially available.

All other chemical reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Western blotting detection reagents were obtained from Amersham (Bucks, UK). Polyclonal antibodies to MMPs, TIMP4, Type 1 procollagen, p-p65 (Ser536), p65, p50, cFOS, p-cJun, cJun, MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-12, MMP-13,pERK, pJNK, p-p38, ERK, JNK and p38 were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Antibodies punched to Ac-p65 (K310) from Abcam technology. Polyvinylidenedifluoride (PVDF) membranes were obtained from the Millipore Corporation (Bedford, MA, USA). Sterile plastic ware for tissue cultures was purchased from SPL Labware (Seoul). Zymography gelatin was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and collagen from Collaborative Biomedical Products (Bedford, MA, USA). All other materials used were of the highest available commercial grade. Lithospermate derivatives were kindly supplied by Takako Yokozawa (Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan), Takashi Tanaka (Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan) and Jae-Sue Choi (Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea) and magnesium lithospermate B (MLB) was isolated and purified from the extract of roots of Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix (Salvia miltiorrhiza BUNGE) produced in China, as described previously [23] .