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21 protocols using nhs activated sepharose

1

Polyclonal Anti-CPn0809 Antibody Generation

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For generation of a polyclonal anti-CPn0809 antibody, purified recombinant His6-CPn0809 (aa 1–253) protein was used to immunize two rabbits. Immunization was performed first with purified protein cut from a SDS gel and subsequently with native soluble protein. Immunizations were carried out by Eurogentec (Belgium).
The polyclonal anti-CPn0809 antibody was antigen-purified against GST-CPn0809N-His6 protein coupled to NHS-activated Sepharose (GE Healthcare Life Sciences) following the manufacturer’s instructions and a standard protocol [35 ].
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2

Affinity Purification of PDZ Proteins

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A synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminus of GKAP/SAPAP1 (sequence IYIPEAQTRL) was obtained from Genemed Synthesis (San Antonio, USA) and coupled to NHS-activated sepharose (GE Healthcare) at a concentration of 3 mg/ml matrix. PDZ domain containing proteins were expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells by calcium phosphate transfection of expression vectors. Cells were lyzed in RIPA buffer, followed by centrifugation at 20.500× g. PDZ fusion protein was precipitated from cleared lysates using the immobilized peptide and analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Gels were stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue; bands were cut out, digested with trypsin, and analyzed by mass spectrometry as described [25] (link).
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3

Immobilizing Compounds on Sepharose Beads

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Compounds were immobilized on sepharose beads through covalent linkage using their primary amino groups [62 (link)]. NHS-activated sepharose (GE Health-care, Freiburg, Germany) and the compounds were equilibrated in DMSO. Coupling densities of compounds included in KBγ were adjusted as previously described [28 (link)], linkable dasatinib was adjusted to a coupling density of 2 μmol per ml beads. Fifteen microliters of triethylamine was added to 1 ml beads to start the coupling reaction, and the mixture was incubated on an end-over-end shaker for 16–20 h in the dark. Free NHS groups on beads were blocked by adding 50 μl of amino ethanol and incubating on an end-over-end shaker for 16–20 h in the dark. Coupled beads were washed and stored in ethanol at 4°C in the dark. The coupling reaction was monitored by LC-MS.
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4

UIML2 Domain Coupling to NHS-Sepharose

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The purified UIMLx2 domain was eluted and then resuspended in coupling buffer (0.2 M NaHCO3, 0.5 M NaCl pH 8.3) before being coupled to NHS-activated Sepharose (GE Healthcare) following the manufacturer’s instructions. The UIML2-conjugated agarose was stored at 4 °C in PBS supplemented with 30% glycine (36 (link)).
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5

Antibody Raised Against Aiptasia LAMP1 Homolog

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An antibody against the Aiptasia LAMP1 homolog (LOC110235349) was raised against the peptide IIGRRKSQRGYEKV (KXJ16564.1) coupled to the adjuvant keyhole limpet hemocyanin in rabbits (BioScience GmbH). The antibody was affinity purified from the third bleed using the synthetic peptide coupled to N-hydroxysuccinimide esters (NHS)-activated sepharose (17090601, GE Health Care Life Sciences) according to manufacturer’s protocols.
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6

Antibody Glycoprofiling Mass Spectrometry

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2-Aminobenzoic acid, ethanolamine, formic acid, picoline borane, DMSO, 13C aminobenzoic acid were from Sigma (Munich, Germany). PNGaseF was from Roche (Penzberg, Germany). Acetic acid, acetonitrile and hydrochloric acid were from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). NHS activated sepharose, Sephadex® G-10 96-well plates and 96-well deep well plates were from GE Healthcare (Munich, Germany). Antigen was from Peprotech (Hamburg, Germany). Phosphate buffered saline was from Gibco/Life technologies (Darmstadt, Germany).
Multicreen THS HV filter plates were from Milipore. IdeS protease was Genovis (Lund, Sweden). 96-well plates were from Nunc/Thermo Scientific (Munich, Germany). AcroPrep™ Advance Omega™ 10K 96-well filter plates were from Pall (Dreieich, Germany). Preclinical rabbit serum samples were obtained from clinical bioanalytics at Sandoz.
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7

Recombinant Galectin Immobilization Protocol

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Recombinant LGALS-11 and LGALS-14 were expressed and purified as described previously (Sakthivel et al., 2015 (link); Fig. 1). The recombinant protein (5 mg/ml) was buffer-exchanged into HEPES buffer (10 mM HEPES-NaOH pH 7.5, 100 mM NaCl, 10 mM TCEP) and immobilised by coupling to N-hydroxysuccinamide (NHS)-activated Sepharose (GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL, USA) following the manufacturer’s protocol. Briefly, 4 ml of NHS-activated Sepharose was washed with 15 column-volumes of ice-cold 1 mM HCl. The washed Sepharose beads were equilibrated with 20 ml of coupling buffer (10 mM HEPES-NaOH pH 7.5, 100 mM NaCl, 10 mM TCEP). Following equilibration, LGALS-11 and LGALS-14 were added separately to the activated Sepharose and allowed to couple for 5 h at 22 °C. Following the coupling reaction, the unused, activated sites were blocked using 15 column-volumes of blocking buffer (100 mM Tris–HCl pH 8.0, 100 mM NaCl) for 3 h. Following blocking, the Sepharose beads were washed alternatively six times with 15 column-volumes of 100 mM Tris-HCL pH 8.0 followed by 100 mM sodium acetate pH 5.0 and then 250 mM NaCl. The galectin affinity column was maintained in storage buffer (20 mM Tris–HCl pH 8.0, 100 mM NaCl, 10 mM TCEP, NaAc 0.02% (w/v)) until further use. A control resin was also prepared without any protein ligand.
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8

Amine-Functionalized DFHO Sepharose Coupling

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Amine-functionalized DFHO was first dissolved in DMSO at a concentration of 40 mM and then diluted into 100 mM HEPES buffer pH 7.5 with a final concentration of 5% DMSO and 2 mM amine-functionalized DFHO. This fluorophore solution was then added to NHS-activated Sepharose (GE Life Sciences), which had been preequilibrated with 2 volumes of ice-cold buffer. The resin was then incubated with amine-functionalized DFHO solution overnight at 4°C in the dark. The resin was washed with reaction buffer and incubated with 100 mM Tris pH 8.0 for 2 h at 25°C to react with any remaining NHS-activated sites. After thorough washing, the resin was stored in 1:1 ethanol:100 mM sodium acetate pH 5.4 at 4°C. The efficiency of sepharose coupling was monitored by measuring the absorbance at 400 nm of free DFHO in the flow-through. Using this approach, we estimate that the resin contains approximately 5 μmol of fluorophore per ml.
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9

Purification of CD3ε-specific Antibody

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New Zealand White rabbit were immunized with the purified recombinant CD3ε according to the standard method. Rabbits were bled by cardiac puncture under deep terminal anesthesia and the serum were purified by protein G sepharose (GE Healthcare, Piscataway, NJ, USA) according to the manufacturer’s protocols and guidelines. The antibody was further purified by an affinity column, which was prepared by coupling of recombinant CD3e–ΔTM protein to NHS-activated Sepharose (GE Healthcare, Piscataway, NJ, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
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10

Immobilization of Fluorescent Probes

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DFHBI and DFHO affinity matrix were prepared as described before20 (link),23 (link). Amine-functionalized DFHBI or DFHO (50 mM in DMSO) was diluted to 5 mM in 100 mM HEPES-KOH buffer (pH 7.5). 2 mL of the fluorophore solution was then added to 1 mL of NHS-activated Sepharose (GE Life Sciences) beads, which had been washed with 2 × 1 mL of cold reaction buffer. The beads were then incubated with amine-functionalized fluorophore solution overnight at 4oC in the dark with gentle agitation. Then the beads were washed with the reaction buffer to remove the unreacted DFHBI or DFHO and incubated with 5 mL of 100 mM Tris.HCl (pH 8.0) for 2 h at room temperature to inactivate any remaining NHS-activated sites. After thorough washing with the reaction buffer and then with water, the beads were stored in 1:1 ethanol:0.1 M sodium acetate (pH 5.2) at 4˚C. The efficiency of the coupling was calculated by quantifying the amount of free DFHBI or DFHO in the flow-through using absorbance. Using this approach, we estimated that the Sepharose beads contain approximately 5 μmol of DFHBI or DFHO per mL of resin after the coupling reaction.
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