Swiss nude mouse crl nu lco foxn1nu

Three expert clinical centers collaborated on this project after receiving ethics review board approval. Patients were included in this project under the Paoli-Calmettes Institute clinical trial number 2011-A01439-32. Consent forms of informed patients were collected and registered in a central database. The tumor tissues used for xenograft generation were deemed excess to that required for the patient’s diagnosis. PDAC tissue from surgical samples was fragmented, mixed with 100 μL of Matrigel, and implanted with a trocar (10 gauge; Innovative Research of America, Sarasota, FL) in the subcutaneous right upper flank of an anesthetized and disinfected male NMRI (Naval Medical Research Institute)-nude mouse. Samples obtained from EUS-FNA were mixed with 100 μL of Matrigel (BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ) and injected in the upper right flank of a male nude mice (Swiss Nude Mouse Crl: NU(lco)-Foxn1nu; Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) for the first implantation. When xenografts reached 1 cm³, these were removed and passed to NMRI-nude mice in the same manner as the surgical samples. All animal experiments were conducted in accordance with institutional guidelines and were approved by the “Plateforme de Stabulation et d’Expérimentation Animale” (PSEA, Scientific Park of Luminy, Marseille).

All animal experiments were conducted in accordance with institutional guidelines and were approved by the “Plateforme de Stabulation et d'Expérimentation Animale” (PSEA, Scientific Park of Luminy, Marseille). Briefly, a total number of 7 human PDAC xenografts were established (Table 1). Tumor specimens (100 mm³), from resected PDAC patients, were mixed with Matrigel (BD Biosciences) and implanted subcutaneously on the upper right flank of 5- to 6-week-old nude mice (Swiss Nude Mouse Crl: NU(lco)-Foxn1nu, Charles River Laboratories) Tumor size and body weights of all animals were measured weekly. Subcutaneous tumor measurements were undertaken using calipers and values were calculated as (length × width²)/2. Gemcitabine (Lilly) treatment was administered twice weekly (100 mg/kg i.p.) until the tumor size was reduced by half or until the end of an 80 day experimental period. Following treatment, the tumor was allowed to grow for 15 additional days. For anti-CD44 treatment, anesthetized mice were administered purified whole mAbs against CD44 or nonspecific IgG (vehicle), intravenously (200 μg/animal), twice weekly, for 35 days after gemcitabine therapy [22 (link)].

All animal experiments were conducted in accordance with institutional guidelines and were approved by the “Plateforme de Stabulation et d'Expérimentation Animale” (PSEA, Scientific Park of Luminy, Marseille). Briefly, a total number of 10 human PDAC xenografts were established. Tumor specimens (100 mm³), from resected PDAC patients, were mixed with Matrigel (BD Biosciences) and implanted subcutaneously on the upper right flank of 5- to 6-week-old nude mice (Swiss Nude Mouse Crl: NU (lco)-Foxn1nu, Charles River Laboratories). Tumor size and body weights of all animals were measured weekly. All mice were divided into groups receiving injections of PCC alone (1 × 10⁶ per mouse); PCCs treated with gemcitabine and PCCs receiving gemcitabine in combination with Chloroquine. Subcutaneous tumor measurements were undertaken using calipers and values were calculated as (length x width²)/2. Gemcitabine (Lilly) treatment was administered twice weekly (100 mg/kg; i.p.). Chloroquine was administered daily (50 mg/kg; i.p.)