2 2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl dpph and 2 2 azino bis 3ethylbenothiazoline 6 sulfonic acid abts radicals

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2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH˙) and 2–2′-azino-bis(3ethylbenothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS·+) are stable free radical compounds commonly used in antioxidant assays. They can be utilized to measure the free radical scavenging activity of various substances.

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2 protocols using 2 2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl dpph and 2 2 azino bis 3ethylbenothiazoline 6 sulfonic acid abts radicals

Biochemical Characterization of Enzymes

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Baker yeast α-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20), and porcine pancreas α-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) were from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, United States). Phenolic standards (gallic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, cyanidin chloride, and quercetin aglycone), carotenoid standards (lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin), and the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent were from Sigma-Aldrich. The (±)-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-chromane-2-carboxilic acid (Trolox), and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH˙), and 2–2′-azino-bis(3ethylbenothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS^·+) radicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Pyridine, phenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside, methoxyamine hydrochloride, N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA), and methyl undecanoate were from Sigma-Aldrich.

Ranilla L.G., Zolla G., Afaray-Carazas A., Vera-Vega M., Huanuqueño H., Begazo-Gutiérrez H., Chirinos R., Pedreschi R, & Shetty K. (2023). Integrated metabolite analysis and health-relevant in vitro functionality of white, red, and orange maize (Zea mays L.) from the Peruvian Andean race Cabanita at different maturity stages. Frontiers in Nutrition, 10, 1132228.

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Phenolic and Carotenoid Antioxidant Standards

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Phenolic standards (ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, cyanidin chloride, gallic acid), carotenoid standards (lutein, zeaxanthin), and the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent were from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The (±)-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-chromane-2-carboxilic acid (Trolox), and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH^⋅), and 2-2′-azino-bis(3ethylbenothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS^⋅+) radicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA.

Fuentes-Cardenas I.S., Cuba-Puma R., Marcilla-Truyenque S., Begazo-Gutiérrez H., Zolla G., Fuentealba C., Shetty K, & Ranilla L.G. (2022). Diversity of the Peruvian Andean maize (Zea mays L.) race Cabanita: Polyphenols, carotenoids, in vitro antioxidant capacity, and physical characteristics. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9, 983208.

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