Ta thermal analyzer discovery dsc 25

A desktop PhenomWorld scanning electron microscope (Thermo Fischer Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) with a charge reduction sample holder and tungsten filament (10 kV) was used for the morphological characterization of the micro/nanofibers of the PHBE patch. To determine the average diameter of the fibers, the diameters of 100 fibers from each SEM image were measured in the embedded image analysis software (Phenom Pro Suite/Fibermetric). TGA analysis was conducted using a TA Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA 55, TA Instruments, New Castle, DE, USA) at a 10 °C/min heating rate from 40 to 600 °C under a 25 mL/min nitrogen flow. Sample weight, sample temperature, and heat flow were recorded continuously. DSC analysis was performed using a TA Thermal Analyzer (Discovery DSC 25, TA instruments, New Castle, DE, USA). Samples of 6–7 mg sealed in aluminum pans were heated from 40 to 300 °C at a constant rate of 10 °C/min under a 25 mL/min nitrogen flow.

A PhenomWorld desktop scanning electron microscope (SEM) with tungsten filament (10 kV) and charge reduction sample holder (Thermo Fischer Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) was used for the morphological characterization of the nanofibers of the ulvan/PEO patch. The samples were sputter-coated with gold. Using the embedded image analysis software (Fibermetric/Phenom Pro Suite v.2.3, Eindhoven, The Netherlands), the diameters of 100 fibers from each SEM image were measured and the average fiber diameter was determined. The chemical composition of the fibers was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy using the attenuated total reflection (ATR) method on a FTIR Bruker Alpha II (Billerica, MA, USA). Thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis was performed using a TA Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA 55, TA instruments, New Castle, DE, USA) at a 10 °C/min heating rate from 40 to 600 °C under a 25 mL/min nitrogen flow. The sample weight, sample temperature, and heat flow were recorded continuously. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis was conducted using a TA Thermal Analyzer (Discovery DSC 25, TA instruments, New Castle, DE, USA). Samples of 6–7 mg sealed in aluminum pans were heated from 40 to 350 °C at a constant rate of 10 °C/min under a 50 mL/min nitrogen flow.