Phenobarbitone

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in Germany

Phenobarbitone is a laboratory reagent used as a standard in analytical procedures. It is a powdered form of the barbiturate drug phenobarbital. The core function of Phenobarbitone is to serve as a reference substance for the identification and quantification of phenobarbital in various samples.

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4 protocols using phenobarbitone

Histamine Assay Protocol

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Catechin, cetirizine, ovalbumin, histamine hydrochloride, compound 48/80 (a potent histamine liberator), and phenobarbitone were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich/Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany). o-phthalaldehyde, L-histidine, and other chemicals were of analytical grade and were obtained from commercial sources.

Morsy M.A., Patel S.S., Bakrania A., Kandeel M., Nair A.B., Shah J.N., Akrawi S.H, & El-Daly M. (2022). Ameliorative Effect of a Neoteric Regimen of Catechin plus Cetirizine on Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis in Rats. Life, 12(6), 820.

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Evaluation of Xylopic Acid's Effect on CYPs

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Phenobarbitone, ketoconazole, CYP450 isoenzymes, potassium phosphate dibasic, potassium phosphate monobasic, bovine serum albumin (BSA), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), ethoxyresorufin, methoxyresorufin, pentoxyresorufin, benzyloxyresorufin, dextromethorphan, diclofenac, zinc sulphate heptahydrate, trimethylamine, and acetonitrile used to evaluate the effect of xylopic acid on CYPs were all obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH (Eschenstrasse), Germany. XA was purified following the procedure described by Biney et al. [24 ].

Agbenyeku M.A., Appiah-Opong R., Obese E., Biney R.P., Adakudugu E.A., Forkuo A.D., Osei S.A., Abeka M.K, & Ameyaw E.O. (2022). In Vitro and In Vivo Effect of Xylopic Acid on Cytochrome P450 Enzymes. Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2022, 4524877.

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Cellular Electrophysiology Pharmacology Protocols

Cited 1 time

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Phenobarbital (PHB, Luminal Sodium^®, Solfoton^®, Tedral^®, phenobarbitone, phenobarbitol, 5-ethy-5-pheny-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione [IUPAC name], 5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid, C₁₂H₁₂N₂O₃), flumazenil (FLM), tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) and tetrodotoxin (TTX) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Genechain, Kaohsiung, Taiwan). Thiopental sodium (Pentothal^®) was acquired from SCI Pharmatech (Taoyuan, Taiwan), while midazolam was from Nan Kuang Pharmaceutical (Tainan, Taiwan). Chlorotoxin was kindly provided by Professor Dr. Woei-Jer Chuang (Department of Biochemistry, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan, Taiwan) [21 (link)].
For cell preparations, culture media, fetal bovine serum, L-glutamine, and trypsin/EDTA were supplied by HyClone^TM (Thermo Fisher, Tainan, Taiwan). All other chemicals were acquired from regular commercial chemicals and of reagent grade. In the current study, reagent water was obtained from a Milli-Q ultrapure water purification system (Millipore; Merck, Tainan, Taiwan).

Wu P.M., Lai P.C., Cho H.Y., Chuang T.H., Wu S.N, & Tu Y.F. (2022). Effective Perturbations by Phenobarbital on INa, IK(erg), IK(M) and IK(DR) during Pulse Train Stimulation in Neuroblastoma Neuro-2a Cells. Biomedicines, 10(8), 1968.

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Neonatal Lamb Model for Seizure Assessment

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An advantage of using neonatal lambs is that they are precocial and can provide a good understanding of normal and abnormal motor and behavioural function within days after birth.50 Overt clinical seizures were assessed by clinical team members (AM, MCF, FW, EMW) and defined as repetitive eye movements, “smacking” of the lips, neck arching, “running” leg movements, temperature spikes and apnoeic episodes. This is similar to neonatal seizures as described by Volpe.51 Clinical seizures, when present, were treated with 20 mg/kg phenobarbitone (Sigma‐Aldrich), administered intravenously in saline over 30 minutes.
Lambs were provided with maintenance fluid (10% glucose; 40 ml/kg/d) to maintain glucose levels >3.5 mmol/L until oral formula intake was established. Once alert and extubated, lambs with good physical tone and suckling reflex were offered sheep milk formula (50 mL/kg; Wombaroo Food Products, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia) orally.

Aridas J.D., Yawno T., Sutherland A.E., Nitsos I., Ditchfield M., Wong F.Y., Hunt R.W., Fahey M.C., Malhotra A., Wallace E.M., Jenkin G, & Miller S.L. (2018). Systemic and transdermal melatonin administration prevents neuropathology in response to perinatal asphyxia in newborn lambs. Journal of Pineal Research, 64(4), e12479.

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