Spss amos software version 22

The IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistics version 23 was used for the data analysis. For attention network's reaction time, the median reaction time (RT) of each condition was used as a raw score for each participant. However, as the RTs for the attention network task were not normally distributed, outliers were removed. RTs over +2 SD for each condition were removed (9.44% of the data). The SEM was applied using IBM SPSS AMOS software version 22. The SEM was run on all the visual perception components, the attention networks, and naming speed components. Multiple indices were used to evaluate model fit, including χ²/df =< 2.00, p_χ >.05, RMSEA < .05, CFI > .90, GFI > .90, AGFI > .90, IFI > .90, NFI > .90 and TLI > .90 (Hooper et al., 2008 ; Schreiber, 2017 ).

Descriptive analyses and data cleaning were performed in IBM SPSS, version 22. We compared our samples’ subscale means to published normative MHLC data and compared the Black and White samples to each other, using independent-samples t-tests. CFA and invariance testing were performed in the IBM SPSS AMOS software, version 22 (IBM Corp. Released, 2013 ).