Talos f200

Chemical APS-SeNPs were synthesized according to Tang et al. (2021) (link), with some modifications. APS-SeNPs were synthesized using APS as a stabilizer, and sodium selenite was reduced using ascorbic acid. The synthesized solution was dialyzed in the dark at 4°C for 48 h to remove superfluous ascorbic acid and sodium selenite. Finally, the prepared APS-SeNPs were collected via centrifugation and resuspension in deionized water. The morphology and microstructure of APS-SeNPs were observed with field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Verios 460; FEI, Hillsboro, OR, USA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (Talos F200S; FEI, Hillsboro, OR, USA). The element composition of APS-SeNPs was analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) (30p; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) in combination with TEM (Talos F200S; FEI, Hillsboro, OR, USA). In addition, the particle size and zeta potential were measured using a laser particle size analyzer (Zatasizer Nano ZS 90, Malvern, UK).
Analytical-grade sodium selenate (Na₂SeO₄) and selenite (Na₂SeO₃) were purchased from Chengdu Ekeda Chemical Reagent Company (Chengdu, China) and used as the selenate and selenite sources, respectively.

SEM images were obtained using field emission scanning electron microscope of TESCAN MAIA3 with EDS of Bruker Quantax 200 XFlash. TEM images were acquired using FEI Talos F200S. HAADF‐STEM and elemental mapping analysis were performed on FEI Talos F200S. Powder XRD was obtained using Bruker D2 Phaser. XPS measurements were performed on Escalab 250Xi and Ar sputtering was carried out at 1000 eV for 300 s. ¹H NMR spectra were obtained on Bruker AVANCE III 600 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer.

The color change of the prepared BRP-SeNPs was recorded by a digital camera (Exterior, EOS 1500D, Canon, Japan). Measurement of mean diameter (particle size), dispersibility index (PDI) and Zeta potential of nanoparticles was used dynamic light scattering (DLS, ZS90, Malvern, United Kingdom). The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was obtained by FT-IR spectrometer (FI-IR, NicoletiS10, Thermo Fisher, United States). The UV-Vis spectra were scanned from 200 to 800 nm using UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV, V-3900, HITACHI, Japan). The XPS spectra of BRP and BRP-SeNPs were analyzed by X-ray electron spectrometer (XPS, AXIS SUPRA+, Shimadzu, Japan). The morphology of BRP and BRP-SeNPs was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Quanta60, FEI, United States) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM, Talos F200S, FEI, United States). The composition of the samples was analyzed using STEM-HAADF detector and EDX equipped with a transmission electron microscope (HRTEM, Talos F200S, FEI, United States).