Dxm1200c digital camera

Bone and cartilage were differentially stained and the body was cleared to enable us to characterize and quantify differences in skeletal morphology associated with offspring size. Bone and cartilage stains were performed following the methods outlined in [7 (link)]. This staining allows for visualization of the internal skeleton and scale development (both total body coverage and scale growth rings). Specimens were visualized using a Nikon dissecting microscope (Nikon SMZ800 dissecting scope and Nikon DXM1200C digital camera).
To determine the degree to which cranial musculature is developing around the time of birth, neonates were immunostained with the muscle-specific antibody MF-20 (DSHB, Iowa, USA), visualized after performing HRP colour reaction (DAB chromogen kit, Biocare Medical, Concord, CA, USA) and the perimeter of the adductor mandibulae traced from a lateral view (for methods see [7 (link)]). Myomere development was also visualized using this colour reaction technique. Specimens were imaged in 1 : 1 glycerol : phosphate buffered saline solution under a dissecting microscope (Nikon SMZ800 dissecting scope and Nikon DXM1200C digital camera).

PC12 cells seeded on glass coverslips were incubated for 24 h before they were treated with norwogonin in the same way as described above. The medium was removed and the glass coverslips were washed with cold PBS, followed by fixation with methanol for 10 min at room temperature and then washed with cold PBS three times for 5 min. Finally the cells were stained according to the HE staining protocol [32 ]. The analyses of the cell were performed using an OLYMPUS IX73 microscope (100×) in order to verify cell morphological changes. Digital images were obtained using the DXM 1200 C digital camera (Nikon) associated to the microscope.

Sections (5 μm) of 4% formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E). The epithelial goblet cells were stained with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reagent. All samples were examined with an Eclipse 80i microscope equipped with a DXM 1200C digital camera (Nikon Instruments, Europe, Amsterdam, Netherlands) and NIS-Elements D Microscope Imaging Software. The severity of pneumonia was graded as follows: Level 1: mild response with healthy tissue in most sections. Level 2: inflammatory response involving nearly half of the area of tissue sections, level 3: strong, diffuse inflammatory response involving most of the section areas, with only a small area of healthy tissue. Level 4: intense response with inflammatory foci leading to a partial loss of alveolar spaces (lung hepatization). Level 5: acute inflammatory response with loss of most alveolar spaces [30 (link), 31 (link)].