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Penicillin streptomycin solution

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Penicillin-streptomycin solution is a commonly used antibiotic mixture for cell culture applications. It contains the antibiotics penicillin and streptomycin, which are used to prevent bacterial contamination in cell culture media.

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1 835 protocols using penicillin streptomycin solution

1

Culturing Trypanosome Bloodstream Forms

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Lister 427 (WT) bloodstream form (BSF) cells were grown in HMI-9 (Gibco®) (Hirumi and Hirumi, 1989), supplemented with 20% (v/v) heat inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS; Sigma Aldrich) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin solution (stock at 10 000 U/ml) (Gibco®). In the case of the 2T1 cell line, the cells were grown in HMI-11 thymidine-free media, consisting of Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium (IMDM) (Gibco®), 10% (v/v) of FBS (Gibco®,tetracycline free), 1% of penicillin-streptomycin solution (10 000 U/ml) (Gibco®). For the RNAi cell lines used in EdU replication assays, the cells were grown in HMI-11 thymidine free media, consisting of Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium (IMDM) (Gibco®), 10% (v/v) of FBS (Gibco®, tetracycline free), 1% of penicillin–streptomycin solution (10 000 U/ml; Gibco®), 4% (v/v) of HMI-9 mix (0.05 mM of bathocuproine disulphonic acid, 1 mM of sodium pyruvate, and 1.5 mM of l-cysteine, 1 mM of hypoxanthine and 0.0014% of 2-mercaptoethanol (Sigma Aldrich)). For Lister 427 (WT), no drugs were added to the media. The selective drugs used for 2T1 cells were puromycin (0.2 μg/ml) and phleomycin (2.5 μg/ml), for RNAi cell lines phleomycin (2.5 μg/ml) and hygromycin (5 μg/ml) and for N50 (41 (link)) neomycin (2.5 μg/ml). The tagged cells were grown in medium with 10 μg/ml blasticidin.
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2

Fibroblast Cell Culture and Bergenin Treatment

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All cells were cultured in a humid environment containing 5% carbon dioxide at 37 °C. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (NIH3T3 cells) were obtained from the State Key Laboratory of Genetics (Changsha, China) and cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM)–high glucose (Procell, Wuhan, China) containing 10% newborn bovine serum (NBS, Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) and 1% penicillin–streptomycin solution (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA). Human lung fibroblasts (HFL-1 cells) were obtained (Procell, Wuhan, China) and cultured in Ham’s F-12K (Procell, Wuhan, China) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (BI, Beit Haemek, Israel) and 1% penicillin–streptomycin solution (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA). Primary rat lung fibroblasts were obtained after the rats were euthanized. The lung tissues were excised and spread flat in a culture flask. The fibroblasts were cultured in DMEM–high glucose (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA) containing 20% fetal bovine serum (BI, Beit Haemek, Israel) and 1% penicillin–streptomycin solution (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA), and the third to seventh generations of the primary rat lung fibroblasts were used for experiments. All cells were incubated with bergenin (with or without 10 ng/mL TGF-β1) (PeproTech, Rocky Hill, NJ, USA) according to different requirements.
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3

Mouse Macrophage RAW 264.7 Cell Culture and Viability

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Cell culture. Mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells were purchased from the Korean Cell Line Bank (Seoul, Korea) and maintained in a DMEM/high-glucose medium (Hyclone, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Thermo Scientific Hyclone, USA) and 1% penicillin–streptomycin solution (Thermo Scientific HyClone, USA). Cells were grown to 70–80% confluency in a T-75 flask and cultured for 2 days at a density of 2 × 105 cells/ml. Cells were then incubated at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA).
Cell viability. RAW 264.7 cells were seeded at a density of 3 × 105 cells/ml with 100 μl/well in a 96-well plate. Yeast-fermented cabbages were treated at a concentration of 5 μg/ml for 24 h until the cells reached 70%–80%confluency. A total of 10 μl/well of 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) solution was added to the mixture and incubated for 2 h. Later, 80 μl/well of the mixture was discarded, and 100 μl/well of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution was added. After 30 min of incubation in a dark room, cell viability was detected with a microplate reader (Bio-Rad Inc., USA) at an absorbance of 595 nm.
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4

Mouse Macrophage RAW 264.7 Cell Culture and Viability

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Cell culture. Mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells were purchased from the Korean Cell Line Bank (Seoul, Korea) and maintained in a DMEM/high-glucose medium (Hyclone, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Thermo Scientific Hyclone, USA) and 1% penicillin–streptomycin solution (Thermo Scientific HyClone, USA). Cells were grown to 70–80% confluency in a T-75 flask and cultured for 2 days at a density of 2 × 105 cells/ml. Cells were then incubated at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA).
Cell viability. RAW 264.7 cells were seeded at a density of 3 × 105 cells/ml with 100 μl/well in a 96-well plate. Yeast-fermented cabbages were treated at a concentration of 5 μg/ml for 24 h until the cells reached 70%–80%confluency. A total of 10 μl/well of 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) solution was added to the mixture and incubated for 2 h. Later, 80 μl/well of the mixture was discarded, and 100 μl/well of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution was added. After 30 min of incubation in a dark room, cell viability was detected with a microplate reader (Bio-Rad Inc., USA) at an absorbance of 595 nm.
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5

Insulin Secretion Assay in RINm5F Cells

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The insulin-secreting beta-cell line, RINm5F, was obtained from American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA; ATCC numbers: CRL-11169. Ethanol, dimethtyl sulfoxide (DMSO), α-glucosidase from rat intestinal powder, sodium phosphate monobasic, sodium phosphate diabasic, maltose, sucrose, PGO enzyme, o-dianisidine dihydrochloride, acarbose, fetal bovine serum (FBS), krebs-ringer bicarbonate buffer (KRB), sodium bicarbonate, β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate sodium salt, diaphorase from Clostridium kluyveri, resazurin sodium salt, 2-deoxy-d glucose, sodium hydroxide, C, N-diphenyl-N’-4,5-dimethyl thiazoly 2 tetrazolium bromide (MTT) formazan powder, hydrochloric acid, and house serum were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Co., USA. Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium/high glucose medium, RPMI 1640 medium, penicillin-streptomycin solution, and phosphate buffered saline were obtained from thermo scientific hyclone. sodium potassium tartate, HEPES free acid, triethanolamine (TEA) hydrochloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, metformin were purchased from Merck Co., Germany. 2-deoxy-glucose-6-phosphate sodium salt was purchased from Santa Cruz biotechnology Inc., USA. High range rat insulin ELISA kit was purchased from Mercodia, Sweden. All other reagents used were of the ACS grade available.
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6

Cell Culture Protocols for Stem Cells, Insect, and Human Cells

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Male mouse embryonic stem cells were grown on gelatin-coated plates at 37°C and 5% CO2, in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum (Labtech), 2 mM L-glutamine (Life Technologies), 1x penicillin-streptomycin solution (Life Technologies), 1x non-essential amino acids (Life Technologies), 0.5 mM beta-mercaptoethanol (Life Technologies), and 10 ng/mL leukemia inhibitory factor. To induce conditional catalytic point mutation or knockout, PRC1CPM or PRC1CKO cells were treated with 800 nM 4-hydroxytamoxifen (OHT) for 72 h. Cells were regularly tested for the presence of mycoplasma.
Drosophila S2 (SG4) cells were grown adhesively at 25°C in Schneider’s Drosophila Medium (Life Technologies), supplemented with 1x penicillin-streptomycin solution (Life Technologies) and 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (Labtech).
Human HEK293T cells were grown at 37°C and 5% CO2, in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Labtech), 2 mM L-glutamine (Life Technologies), 1x penicillin-streptomycin solution (Life Technologies), and 0.5 mM beta-mercaptoethanol (Life Technologies).
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7

Culturing 293T, MDA-MB-231, T47D, and MCF7 Cell Lines

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293T cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (Life Technologies) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% penicillin–streptomycin solution (Life Technologies). MDA-MB-231 cells were maintained in L-15 media with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin–streptomycin solution (Life Technologies). T47D and MCF7 cells were cultured in Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium-1640 (RPMI-1640) (Life Technologies) supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin–streptomycin solution (Life Technologies).
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8

Isolation and Activation of Granulocytes and Monocytes

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Peripheral blood from healthy volunteers were drawn in vacutainer EDTA tubes. Polymorphonuclear granulocytes were isolated using Polymorphprep™ (Axis-Shield, Oslo, Norway) and following the manufacturer’s instruction. Granulocytes (1x106 cells) in 500 μl RPMI 1640 supplemented with L-glutamine and Penicillin/Streptomycin Solution (Thermo Fisher Scientific) were incubated at 37°C in the presence of N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe peptide, between 0.2–5.0 μM (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA). At different time points, cells were removed by centrifugation and BSSL concentration in the culture media was determined by ELISA.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from healthy volunteers using Ficoll-Paque PLUS solution (Cytiva, Uppsala, Sweden) according to manufacturer’s instruction. The PBMCs were suspended in RPMI 1640 supplemented with L-glutamine and Penicillin/Streptomycin Solution (Thermo Fisher Scientific). In cases where the PBMCs were intended for further sub-fractionation (monocyte isolation), the cells were suspended in PBS-EDTA. Monocytes were isolated from the PBMC fraction by negative selection using the monocyte isolation kit II (Miltenyi Biotech, Lund, Sweden) according to manufacturer’s instruction. The monocytes were suspended in RPMI 1640 supplemented with L-glutamine and Penicillin/Streptomycin Solution (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
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9

Culturing OVCAR-3 and SW 626 Cell Lines

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The OvCa cell lines, OVCAR-3, and SW 626 were purchased from American Tissue Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA). Following to the ATCC cell culture method with a small modification, OVCAR-3 cells were grown in RPMI media supplemented with 20% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) (Fisher scientific, PA, USA), 0.01 mg/ml bovine insulin, 1% of Non-essential amino acid solution and 1% mL of penicillin/streptomycin solution (Fisher Scientific, PA, USA). However, SW 626 cells were grown in L-15 media (Fisher Scientific, PA, USA), supplemented with 10% FBS, and penicillin/streptomycin solution. All cell cultures were maintained in a humidified incubator at 37 °C and 5% CO2.
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10

Dual-Labeled Breast Cancer and Stem Cells

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Human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 was purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA) and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were isolated and cultured as described [15 (link),16 (link)]. MDA-MB-231 cells were grown in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1% penicillin–streptomycin solution (Gibco, Rockville, MD), and 1% MEM non-essential amino acid solution (Gibco). hUC-MSCs were cultured with DMEM/F12 medium (Gibco) containing 10% FBS, 1% penicillin–streptomycin solution (Gibco), 10 ng/ml human recombinant epidermal growth factor (EGF; Gibco). For tracking transplanted cells in vivo, MDA-MB-231 cells were transduced with a self-inactivating lentiviral vector carrying an ubiquitin promoter driving firefly luciferase and enhanced green fluorescence protein (Fluc-eGFP) double fusion (DF) reporter gene. In addition, hUC-MSCs were labeled with a self-inactivating lentiviral vector carrying an EF1α promoter driving renilla luciferase (Rluc), red fluorescence protein (RFP), and herpes simplex virus truncated thymidine kinase (HSV-ttk) (Rluc-RFP-HSV-ttk) triple fusion (TF) reporter gene as described previously [9 (link),11 (link)].
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