Polymerization grade of NDC, BDO and PTMEG were donated by the Kolon Industries Co. (Gumi, Korea) and used after drying. Irganox 1010, titanium tetrabutoxide (TBT, 97%), sodium methoxide (95%), diethanolamine (98%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Seoul, Korea) and were used without further purification. Reagent grade of dichloromethane, chloroform, hexane, diethyl ether, and ethanol purchased from Dae Jung Chemical Co. (Daejeon, Korea) were distilled according to standard procedures. A commercial-grade soybean oil purchased from Ottogi Co. (Anyang, Korea) and triflouroacetic acid (TFA) (99%) and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (97%) purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industries (Tokyo, Japan) were used without further purification.
Dichloromethane
Manufactured by Daejung Chemicals
Dichloromethane is a colorless, volatile liquid chemical compound. It is commonly used as a solvent in various industrial and laboratory applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Titanium tetrabutoxide, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Irganox 1010, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
1 1 2 2 tetrachloroethane, by Tokyo Chemical Industry (2 mentions)
Diethyl ether, by Daejung Chemicals (2 mentions)
Chloroform, by Daejung Chemicals (2 mentions)
Hexane, by Daejung Chemicals (2 mentions)
N n dimethylformamide (dmf), by Daejung Chemicals (2 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Daejung Chemicals (2 mentions)
Sodium methoxide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Diethanolamine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ethanol, by Daejung Chemicals (1 mentions)
Tetrabutylphosphonium bromide, by Tokyo Chemical Industry (1 mentions)
Phosphate buffered saline tablet, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Polyvinyl alcohol (pva), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Tween 80, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Trifluoroacetic acid tfa, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Calcium chloride dihydrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Nile red, by Tokyo Chemical Industry (1 mentions)
Dexamethasone (dex), by Tokyo Chemical Industry (1 mentions)
Acetone, by Daejung Chemicals (1 mentions)
10 protocols using dichloromethane
1
Synthesis and Characterization of Polyurethane
2
Synthesis of Phosphonium Salts and Methacrylate
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Tetrabutylphosphonium bromide (99%) ([P4444]Br), tributyl(hexyl)phosphonium bromide (98%) ([P4446]Br), tributyl(octyl)phosphonium bromide (98%) ([P4448]Br), and 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt (>97%) (K[C3S]) were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Dichloromethane was purchased from Daejung Chemicals and Metals Co., Ltd.
3
Biodegradable PLGA Nanoparticle Formulation
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PLGA (lactic acid:glycolic acid = 50:50; i.v. = 48,000) was purchased from Evonik Industry (Essen, Germany). Dexamethasone and Nile red were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry (Tokyo, Japan). PVA (87–89% hydrolyzed), phosphate buffered saline (PBS) tablets, tween 80, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA; >99%), and calcium chloride dihydrate (>99%) were obtained from Merck (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dichloromethane (DCM; >99.5%), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF; >99.5%), and acetone (>99.5%) were supplied by DaeJung (Siheung-si, Korea). Acetonitrile (ACN; >99.9%) was purchased from J.T. Bakers (Phillisburg, NJ, USA). PDMS (Sylgard 184) was obtained from Sewang Hitech Silicone (Bucheon-si, Korea). Alcaine® (0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) and Maxidex® (0.1% Dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension) were purchased from Alcon-Couvreur (Fort Worth, TX, USA).
4
PLGA-based Drug Delivery System Development
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PLGA (lactic acid:glycolic acid = 50:50; MW = 48,000) was obtained from Evonik Industries (Essen, Germany). Dichloromethane (DCM; >99.5%) and N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF, >99.5%) were purchased from DaeJung (Siheung, Korea). Acetonitrile (ACN; >99.9%) and lidocaine were obtained from J. T. Bakers (Phillisburg, NJ) and Tokyo Chemical Industry (Tokyo, Japan), respectively. Polethylene catheters (SP‐45 and SP‐61) were obtained from Natsume Seisakusho (Tokyo, Japan). Surgical sutures (4–0 and 5–0 silk) and cotton bandages were purchased from Ailee (Seoul, Korea) and Bandgold (Ansan, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea), respectively. Cyclophosphamide (CYP) was purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich (MO). Anti‐COX‐2 polyclonal antibody (ab 15191), anti‐IL‐6 polyclonal antibody (ab 6672), anti‐NGF polyclonal antibody (ab 6199), and rat IL‐6 ELISA Kit (ab 234570) were obtained from Abcam (MA). DAB kit was purchased from Vector Laboratories (CA). Hematoxylin‐1 and bluing solution were purchased from the Korea Standard (Seongnam, Korea). Revoscript rt premix (25086) was purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA). LightCycler ® 480 SYBR Green was purchased from Roche (Basel, Switzerland).
5
Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using CTAB
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Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, ≥99.9%), l -ascorbic acid (AA, 100%), sodium borohydride (NaBH4, ≥99%), trisodium citrate dihydrate (Na3C6H5O7·2H2O, Na3Cit), gold chloride hydrate (HAuCl4·xH2O, 99.999%) and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether thiol (thiolated polyethylene glycol, PEG–SH, average Mn = 2000) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC, ≥98%) was obtained from Wako. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 1 M), anhydrous ethanol (C2H5OH ≥ 99.9%) and dichloromethane (CH2Cl2 ≥99.5%) were obtained from Daejung. 3-Mercaptopropionic acid (MPA ≥ 99%) was purchased from Alfa Aesar. Si wafers and wet oxidized (300 nm) SiO2/Si wafers were purchased from DASOM RMS. These chemicals were used without further purification with deionized water (Pure Water Corporation). Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO, 8 Ω □−1) was purchased from Wooyang GMS. Titanium dioxide (TiO2), tungsten oxide (WO3) and hematite (α-Fe2O3) were purchased from Kojundo Chemical (grain shape, 99.9%).
6
Liposomal Doxorubicin Synthesis and Characterization
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1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine, sodium salt (DPPS) were purchased from Echelon Biosciences (Salt Lake City, UT, USA). 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane [chloride salt (16:0 TAP)] was purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Birmingham, AL, USA). Cholesterol was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). Dichloromethane was purchased from Daejung Chemical (Cheongwon, Korea). A dialysis membrane [pre-wetted RC Tubing (MWCO: 25 kD)] was purchased from Spectrum (Spectra/Por; Laguna Hills, CA, USA). Dimethyl sulfoxide, 99.0% (methyl sulfoxide, DMSO) and Triton X-100 were purchased from Samchun Pure Chemical (Pyeongtaek, Korea). Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) was purchased from Gibco (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA). Doxorubicin hydrochloride was purchased from LC laboratories (Woburn, MA, USA).
Methods
Methods
7
Synthesis and Characterization of Zn/Co DMC Catalyst
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CL (99%) and EG (99%) were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Seoul, Republic of Korea). Polymerization grades of DMT and PTMEG were donated by Kolon Industries Co. (Gumi, Republic of Korea) and used after drying. Irganox 1010 and titanium tetrabutoxide (TBT; 97%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Seoul, Republic of Korea). Reagent grade chloroform, dichloromethane, diethyl ether, ethanol, hexane, and phenol were purchased from Dae Jung Chemical Co. (Daejeon, Republic of Korea) and distilled prior to use. Trifluoracetic acid (TFA; 99%) and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (97%) were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industries (Tokyo, Japan) and used without further purification. The Zn/Co DMC catalyst was prepared using diethyl malonate (DEM) as a complexing agent and Pluronic P123 ((EO)20(PO)70(EO)20) [PEO-b-PPO-b-PEO copolymer, PEO = poly(ethylene oxide), PPO = poly(propylene oxide)] as a co-complexing agent following a previously reported procedure [28 (link)]. The experimental formula of the catalyst is Zn1.99Co(CN)6.25 ·0.51DEM·0.03P123·1.63H2O·1.47Cl−.
8
Synthesis of Sulfonate-based Ionic Liquids
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Tetrabutylphosphonium bromide, [P4444]Br (99.0%), sodium benzenesulfonate, Na[BS] (>96.0%), sodium p-methylbenzenesulfonate (>90.0%) (Na[MBS]), sodium p-ethylbenzenesulfonate, Na[EBS] (>98.0%), and tetrabutylphosphonium methanesulfonate, [P4444][MS] (>98.0%) were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Dichloromethane was purchased from Daejung Chemicals and Metals Co., Ltd. (Sinan, Republic of Korea).
9
Purification and Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
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ANTH (≥99.0% GC), AQ (97%), BP (99.5%), 2-methylanthracene (2-Me-ANTH, 97%), 9-methylanthracene (9-Me-ANTH, 98%), 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid (9-COOH-ANTH, 99%), phenanthrene (Phen, ≥98.0%), pyrene (Py, 98%), perchloric acid (HClO4, 70%), TFA (99%), sodium perchlorate (NaClO4, ≥98%), TBAP (≥99.0%), sodium chloride (NaCl, ≥99.0%), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4, ≥99.0%), chloroform-d (CDCl3, ≥99.8 atom % D, 0.5 wt % Ag foil as stabilizer, 0.03 vol % TMS), and water–18O (H218O, 97 atom %) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Nitrobenzene (PhNO2, 98.0%) was purchased from TCI chemicals. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 98.0%), MeCN (99.5%), sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 98%), benzene (99.5%), and dichloromethane (MC, 99.5%) were purchased from Dae Jung. All chemicals were used without further purification.
10
Purification and Characterization of Organic Compounds
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Commercial chemicals and reagents (Sigma-Aldrich, Taufkirchen, Germany) were used without any further purification. Ethyl acetate, hexane and dichloromethane (Daejung, Korea) were used for chromatographic analyses after distillation. Purifications were performed using Merck 9385 silica gel (Darmstadt, Germany), pore size 60 Å (70–230 mesh ASTM). Melting points were measured with a Stuart melting point apparatus (Cole-Parmer, Staffordshire, UK) and reported without correction. IR spectra were recorded with an ATR-IR spectrometer (Bruker, Germany). 1H and 13C NMR were recorded using a AVANCE III HD 600 MHz spectrometer (Bruker, Kloten, Switzerland). Chemical shifts were measured in parts per million using tetramethylsilane (TMS) (Bradbury, Stockport, UK) as standard. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses were performed using a Thermo Scientific TRACE 1300 Gas Chromatograph (ThermoFischer Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).
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