The metal salt, cobalt chloride (CoCl2·6H2O), tryptophane, formaldehyde, HCl, and NaOH were of analytical grade and were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, India. Recombinant human insulin was purchased from Elli Lilly, India. For cell culture, DMEM cell culture media, Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), 100× penicillin–streptomycin, and phosphate buffer solution (PBS) having pH 7.4 were purchased from HiMedia, India. Human Primary Epithelial Keratinocytes (HEKa cells) ATCC-PCS-200-011 were procured from Himedia, India, cultured, maintained, and treated in DMEM containing 5% FBS at 37 °C and 5% CO2.
Fetal bovine serum (fbs)
Manufactured by HiMedia
Sourced in India, United States
Fetal bovine serum is a sterile-filtered, supplemental liquid derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. It is commonly used as a growth supplement in cell culture media to support the proliferation and maintenance of a variety of cell types.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem), by HiMedia (33 mentions)
Streptomycin, by HiMedia (30 mentions)
Penicillin, by HiMedia (25 mentions)
Antibiotic antimycotic solution, by HiMedia (20 mentions)
Rpmi 1640, by HiMedia (17 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (17 mentions)
Penicillin streptomycin, by HiMedia (14 mentions)
Phosphate buffered saline (pbs), by HiMedia (14 mentions)
Trypsin, by HiMedia (12 mentions)
Trypsin edta, by HiMedia (12 mentions)
4 6 diamidino 2 phenylindole (dapi), by Merck Group (12 mentions)
Rpmi 1640 medium, by HiMedia (11 mentions)
L glutamine, by HiMedia (11 mentions)
Dulbecco s modified eagle s medium dmem, by HiMedia (10 mentions)
Trypsin edta solution, by HiMedia (10 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by HiMedia (10 mentions)
Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (mtt), by HiMedia (9 mentions)
Dulbecco s modified eagle s medium, by HiMedia (8 mentions)
Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (mtt), by Merck Group (8 mentions)
Streptomycin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (8 mentions)
263 protocols using fetal bovine serum (fbs)
1
Cobalt-Induced Keratinocyte Proliferation
2
Lymphocyte Activation and Culture Assay
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NBT (Nitroblue Terazolium), Mitogens [Con A (Concanavalin A), PHA (Phytohemaglutnin) and LPS (Lipopolysaccharide)] and Culture medium (RPMI 1640) were bought from Sigma chemicals, USA. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), lymphocyte separation media (HiSep), Gentamycin, l -glutamine, Streptomycin, PBS (Phosphate Buffer Saline), FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum), and other chemicals were bought from Himedia Lab. Pvt. Ltd. (India). Culture medium (100 ml) was added with 1000 µl of 200 mM l - glutamine, 200 µl of Gentamycin, 500 µl antibiotic- antimycotic (Gibco), and 5% FBS and called as complete culture medium.
3
Culturing Glioblastoma Cell Lines and Patient Samples
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GBM grade IV cell lines U87MG and SF268 were obtained from ATCC and maintained in DMEM (Gibco, USA) containing 10% FBS (HiMedia, India), penicillin (200 U/ml), streptomycin (100 μg/ml) and incubated at 37 °C in a humidified incubator with 5% CO2. Patient sample (PS) derived short-term primary cultures were grown in DMEM:F12 (Gibco, USA) containing 15% FBS (HiMedia, India) as described previously [2 (link)].
4
Breast Cancer Cell Culture Protocol
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Human Breast cancer cell lines MCF7 and MDA‐MB‐231 were procured from the cell repository, National Center for Cell Science (Pune, India). MCF7 cells were grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Media (DMEM; Himedia, Mumbai, India) supplemented with 1X Penicillium‐Streptomycin‐Amphotericin B (PSA; Himedia) and 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Himedia, US origin). MDA‐MB‐231 cells were grown in Roswell Park Memorial Institute Media (RPMI; Himedia) supplemented with 1× PSA (Himedia) and 15% FBS (Himedia, US origin). HUVECs were purchased from Lonza (Walkersville, MD, USA) and maintained in complete Endothelial Cell Growth Media‐2 (EGM‐2, Lonza, Walkersville, MD, USA). Cells were grown in the incubator (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany) at 37 °C temperature and 5% CO2.
5
Culturing Cancer Cell Lines
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Cancer cell lines A549 (lung carcinoma), MCF7 (breast carcinoma) and HeLa (ovarian cancer cell line) were procured from National Centre for Cell Sciences (NCCS), Pune, India. The A549cell line was maintained in F12—Ham’s medium (Hi-Media) supplemented with 10% FBS (Hi-media, India), and penicillin and streptomycin solution. HeLa was cultured in DMEM (Hi-media) supplemented with 10% FBS, 1% pen-strep and 2% l -glutamine solution whereas MCF7 cell line was grown in RPMI-1640 (Hi-Media) medium supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin and streptomycin solution. These cell lines were maintained in sterile T-flasks (BD Falcon) at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2. Cells were passaged and used for further experiments at 80% confluent state.
6
Bacterial Adhesion to Human Colon Cancer Cells
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Bacterial adhesion with human colon cancer cells was performed (18 ,24 ) with some modifications. The human HT-29 cell line (ATCC no. HTB-38; ATCC) was used, and the cell culture work was carried out at the Central Research Laboratory, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital (Dharwad, India). Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with 10% fetal bovine serum (both from Himedia Laboratories Pvt, Ltd.) were used to grow HT-29 cells in 12-well flat-bottom cell culture plates until they reached 80% confluence. Prior to the experiment, HT-29 cells were washed gently with PBS twice. Subsequently, the selected eight isolates were centrifuged (5,000 x g for 15 min at 4˚C) and suspended in DMEM without antibiotics to provide approximately 109 CFU ml of the bacterial suspension. Additionally, 200 µl of each strain was added to separate wells and incubated for 2 h at 37˚C in 5% CO2 atmosphere. The HT-29 cells were then washed twice in sterile PBS to remove non-adherent bacteria before being lysed in 2 ml of 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS. Cell lysates were tenfold serially diluted and plated with MRS agar and incubated for 24 h at 37˚C. The percentage of adherence was expressed using the formula:
7
THP1 Dual Monocytes Characterization and Treatment
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THP1 Dual Monocytes was obtained from InvivoGen (Toulouse, France). The integrity of the cells were tested by STR profiling with routine mycoplasma testing. HiglutaXL RPMI-1640 and 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (HIMedia laboratories, Mumbai, India), PMA (Phorbol 12-Mysristate 13-acetate- P8139, Sigma Aldrich, USA), BX795 (tlrl-bx7, Invivogen) were used for culture of cells. The following reagents were procured from Sigma Aldrich, USA: Vit C (L- ascorbic acid, A5960), oleic acid albumin (O3008), Isoniazid (I3377), Pyrazinamide carboxamide (P7136), Ethambutol dihydrochloride (E4630) and Sertraline hydrochloride (S6319). Rifampicin (CMS1889, HIMEDIA laboratories, Mumbai, India) and commercially available SRT (Daxid, Pfizer Ltd, India) was used for mouse studies.
8
Cell Culture and Gene Expression Analysis
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All the cell culture supplies, including Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin/streptomycin, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), were purchased from Hi-Media Laboratories, India. The cDNA Synthesis Kit, TRIzol reagent, and Emerald PCR Master Mix were acquired from Takara, Japan. The β-catenin antibody (SC-376841), produced from mice, and β–actin antibody (SC-8432), were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX USA.
9
Synthesis and Characterization of M. oleifera Gum-based Hydrogel
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M. oleifera gum (MOG) was collected from Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India. Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX, Samarth Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, Maharashtra, India), disodium hydrogen orthophosphate anhydrous (Na2HPO4), sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate dihydrate (NaH2PO4.2H2O), N,N’-bismethyleneacrylamide (N,N’-MBA), acrylamide (AAm), methanol, hydrochloric acid (HCl), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (S.D Fine–Chem Ltd., Mumbai, Maharashtra, India), Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin and streptomycin (HiMedia Lab. Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, Maharashtra, India) and Rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RD cells, National Culture for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, Maharashtra, India), were of analytical grade. These were used as received. Double distilled water was used in all the experiments.
10
Lipid-based Paclitaxel Nanocarrier Formulation
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1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and
1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) with purity > 99% were purchased from
Avati Polar Lipids, Inc (Alabaster, USA). Paclitaxel (purity > 99%) was purchased from Fresenius
Kabi India Pvt. Ltd. (India). Taxol was purchased from Cipla Ltd. (India) and Abraxane was purchased
from Biocon (India). Dialysis membrane (molecular wt. cutoff 5000–10000), Dulbecco's Modified Eagles
Medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), antibiotic antimycotic solution, sodium azide, phosphate
buffered saline (PBS) and trypsin-EDTA solution were purchased from Himedia Laboratories Pvt Ltd.,
Mumbai (India). Sulphorhodamine-B was purchased from Sigma Aldrich, Mumbai (India). Rhodamine-6G was
purchased from Anaspec Inc. (San. Jose, CA, USA) and BCA protein assay kit was purchased from Thermo
Scientific, Pierce (Rockford, Il, USA). Mouse TNF-α, mouse IL-1β and mouse IL-6 elisa kits were
purchased from RayBiotech, Inc., USA. High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade methanol and
chloroform were purchased from Merck, Mumbai (India). All the tissue culture plates and tissue
culture flasks were purchased from NUNC (USA). High purity water purified by a Milli Q Plus water
purifier system (Milli pore, USA), with a resistivity of 18.2 MΩcm, was used in all experiments.
1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) with purity > 99% were purchased from
Avati Polar Lipids, Inc (Alabaster, USA). Paclitaxel (purity > 99%) was purchased from Fresenius
Kabi India Pvt. Ltd. (India). Taxol was purchased from Cipla Ltd. (India) and Abraxane was purchased
from Biocon (India). Dialysis membrane (molecular wt. cutoff 5000–10000), Dulbecco's Modified Eagles
Medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), antibiotic antimycotic solution, sodium azide, phosphate
buffered saline (PBS) and trypsin-EDTA solution were purchased from Himedia Laboratories Pvt Ltd.,
Mumbai (India). Sulphorhodamine-B was purchased from Sigma Aldrich, Mumbai (India). Rhodamine-6G was
purchased from Anaspec Inc. (San. Jose, CA, USA) and BCA protein assay kit was purchased from Thermo
Scientific, Pierce (Rockford, Il, USA). Mouse TNF-α, mouse IL-1β and mouse IL-6 elisa kits were
purchased from RayBiotech, Inc., USA. High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade methanol and
chloroform were purchased from Merck, Mumbai (India). All the tissue culture plates and tissue
culture flasks were purchased from NUNC (USA). High purity water purified by a Milli Q Plus water
purifier system (Milli pore, USA), with a resistivity of 18.2 MΩcm, was used in all experiments.
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