Acetonitrile and methanol (Promochem Optigrade, LGC Standards GmbH, Wesel, Germany) were gradient grades for liquid chromatography. Delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (Dph-glc), Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Cyd-glc), Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside (Plg-glc), Petunidin-3-O-glucoside (Ptd-glc), Malvidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside (Mvd-diglc), Peonidin-3-O-glucoside (Pnd-glc), and Malvidin-3-O-glucoside (Mvd-glc) were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). Formic acid 98–100% was purchased from Molar Chemicals Ltd., Halásztelek, Hungary. High-purity deionized water was obtained by a LaboStar 7 TWF-UV ultrapure water system (SG Wasseraufbereitung und Regenerierstation GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany).
Petunidin 3 o glucoside
Manufactured by Extrasynthese
Sourced in France
Petunidin-3-O-glucoside is a laboratory compound that serves as a standard for analytical testing and research purposes. It is a naturally occurring anthocyanin, a class of pigments found in various plants. The compound has a well-defined chemical structure and can be used to identify and quantify similar compounds in research samples.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Peonidin 3 o glucoside, by Extrasynthese (9 mentions)
Cyanidin 3 o glucoside, by Extrasynthese (8 mentions)
Malvidin 3 o glucoside, by Extrasynthese (8 mentions)
Delphinidin 3 o glucoside, by Extrasynthese (7 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Quercetin 3 o glucoside, by Extrasynthese (3 mentions)
Epicatechin, by Extrasynthese (3 mentions)
Milli q apparatus, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Quercetin 3 o rhamnoside, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Quercetin 3 o galactoside, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Chlorogenic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
P coumaric acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Caffeic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Ferulic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Catechin, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Kaempferol 3 o glucoside, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Sodium carbonate, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Kaempferol, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Quercetin 3 o glucoside, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
9 protocols using petunidin 3 o glucoside
1
Anthocyanin Standards Preparation
2
HPLC Analysis of Polyphenol Standards
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Acetonitrile was HPLC grade and was purchased from Sigma (Merck Life Science S.r.l., Milano, Italy). Orthophosphoric acid (ACS ISO, for analysis, 85%) and ethanol (ACS-Reag. Ph.Eur. Supelco®, Milan, Italy) were purchased from Carlo Erba..Water was distilled and filtered through a Milli-Q apparatus (Millipore, Milan, Italy).
Standards of gallic acid and ellagic acid were purchased from Sigma (Merk Life Science S.r.l., Milan, Italy). Standards of myricetin-3-O-galactoside, myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, quercetin 3-O-galactoside, vitexin, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, petunidin 3-O-glucoside, peonidin 3-O-glucoside and malvidin 3-O-glucoside were purchased from Extrasynthese (Lyon, France).
Standards of gallic acid and ellagic acid were purchased from Sigma (Merk Life Science S.r.l., Milan, Italy). Standards of myricetin-3-O-galactoside, myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, quercetin 3-O-galactoside, vitexin, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, petunidin 3-O-glucoside, peonidin 3-O-glucoside and malvidin 3-O-glucoside were purchased from Extrasynthese (Lyon, France).
3
Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Assays of Plant Polyphenols
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Gallic acid, (+)-hydrated catechin, (−)-epigallocatechin, procyanidin B2, epigallocatechin gallate, (−)-epicatechin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) radical 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylyhydrazyl (DPPH), radical 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic) (ABTS), sodium nitrite (NaNO2), sodium phosphate (Na3PO4), aluminum chloride (AlCl3), hydrochloric acid (HCl), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), absolute ethanol, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), DMEM without phenol red, phosphate buffer solution (PBS), 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), L-glutamine, penicillin, streptomycin, and Whatman No. 3 filter paper were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO, USA). Delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (DG), cyanidin-3O-glucoside (CG), petunidin-3O-glucoside (PTG), peonidin-3O-glucoside (POG), and malvidin-3O-glucoside (MG) were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). HPLC-grade water and acetonitrile were purchased from VWR (Chromasolv, VWR International Srl, Milano, Italy).
4
Analytical Standards for Polyphenol Analysis
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Sodium hydroxide solution (0.1 mol/L) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Poznań, Poland). Buffer solutions of pH 2, 4 and 7 were purchased from POCH (Gliwice, Poland). Sucrose, glucose, fructose, tartaric, malic, lactic, acetic, citric and succinic acids were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Poznań, Poland), all with a purity level of ≥98%. Analytical standards of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, peonidin-3-Oglucoside, petunidin-3-O-glucoside, malvidin-3-O-glucoside, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, myricetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-4′-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, (+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin, (−)-epicatechin-3-gallate, procyanidin A1 and A2, trans-resveratrol, and trans-piceid, were purchased from Extrasynthese (Lyon, France). The analytic standards of gallic acid, caftaric acid, protocatechuic acid, coutaric acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid were purchased from PhytoLab (Vestenbergsgreuth, Germany). Acetonitrile (HPLC gradient grade) was purchased from POCH (Gliwice, Poland). Formic acid (LC–MS grade) was purchased from Fischer Scientific (Schwerte, Germany).
5
Chemical Reagents for Antioxidant Assays
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The 2, 20-azo-bis-(2-methylpropionamidine)-dihydrochloride (AAPH), fluorescein, 2, 2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS diammonium salt), potassium sorbate, sodium carbonate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium sulfite, and sodium lauryl sulfate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Sintra, Portugal). Methanol, acetonitrile, and hydrochloric acid were purchased from Fischer Scientific Portugal. Folin–Ciocalteu’s reagent, potassium persulfate, citric acid, and lactic acid were purchased from Merck (Algés, Portugal). Standards of ascorbic acid, Trolox, and gallic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Sintra, Portugal), while delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin3-O-glucoside, petunidin-3-O-glucoside, peonidin-3-O-glucoside, and malvidin-3-O-glucoside were purchased from Extrasynthese (Lyon, France).
6
Quantification of Polyphenolic Compounds
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Standards of cyanidin, malvidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin 3-O glucoside, epigallocatechin, epicatechin, petunidin 3-O glucoside, pelargonidin 3-0 glucoside, peonidin 3-O glucoside, delphinidin 3-O glucoside, catechin, resveratrol, rutin, kaempferol, and kaempferol 3-O glucoside were purchased from Extrasynthese (Geney, France); myricetin, quercetin, quercetin 3-O glucoside, gallic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, vanillic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, and syringic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). LC-MS grade methanol (MeOH) 99.99%, ethanol (EtOH) 99.7% and formic acid (FA) 98% were all obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Ultrapure water (18.2 MΩ/cm) was purified by a Milli-Q purification system (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA), and nitrogen (99.999%) was obtained from AGA industrial gases (Lidingö, Sweden).
Stock solutions of 1000 mg/L were prepared for each standard in methanol. Linear calibration curves were prepared in the range of 2-100 mg/L, except for anthocyanins which were prepared in the range of 2-200 mg/L.
Stock solutions of 1000 mg/L were prepared for each standard in methanol. Linear calibration curves were prepared in the range of 2-100 mg/L, except for anthocyanins which were prepared in the range of 2-200 mg/L.
7
Standards of Flavonoids and Phenolics
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Standards of flavanol quercetin-3-O-galactoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, anthocyanins cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, petunidin-3-O-glucoside, peonidin-3-O-glucoside, malvidin-3-O-glucoside, and ellagic acid were purchased from Extrasynthese (Lyon, France). Gallic acid was purchased from Sigma (Milano, Italy). Ethanol absolute and acetonitrile were of analytical grade and were purchased from Sigma (Milano, Italy). Water was distilled and filtered through a Milli-Q apparatus (Millipore, Milan, Italy). Orthophosphoric acid were purchased from Carlo Erba (ACS ISO, for analysis, 85%).
8
Quantification of Polyphenolic Compounds
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Standards of catechin, epicatechin, procyanidin B1, procyanidin B2, delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, petunidin 3-O-glucoside, peonidin 3-O-glucoside, malvidin 3-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-glucuronide, quercetin 3-O-glucoside, quercetin, kaempferol, chlorogeinc acid and phloretin, were purchased from Extrasynthese (Lyon, France). The integrated total dietary fibre assay procedure kit was purchased from Megazyme International Ireland Ltd. (Bray, Ireland) . All other chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Italia (Milan, Italy).
9
Comprehensive Analytical Standards Protocol
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Acetonitrile, methanol, formic acid and water (LC-MS grade) were purchased from VWR International (Fontenay-sous-Bois, France). Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent, sodium carbonate and reagents used for biological assays were from Sigma Aldrich (Germany). The commercial standards at disposal were: flavonols (quercetin, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3-Ogalactoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-Oglucuronide, kaempferol and kaempferol-3-O-glucoside), flavan-3-ols (epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate, procyanidin B2), the stilbene resveratrol and trans-piceid; these standard as well as the reactive 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical (DPPH) were from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinem, Germany). Organic acids (caftaric acid, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid) and anthocyanins (delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-Oglucoside, petunidin-3-O-glucoside, peonidin-3-O-glucoside and malvidin-3-O-glucoside) were from Extrasynthèse (Lyon, France). All standards were stored according to the supplier's instructions and then solubilized at concentration of 1 mg/mL in a water:methanol mixture (1:1, v/v), and diluted to a final concentration of 10 μg/mL and injected in the chromatographic system.
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