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7 protocols using eclipse t

1

Cellular Imaging and Visualization

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Throughout the culturing, cells were visualized and photographed using an inverted phase-contrast microscope (Nikon eclipse T¡-S, Tokyo, Japan) equipped with digital camera software (Nikon’s Digital Sight DS-U3, Tokyo, Japan).
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2

3D Spheroid Culture Assay

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Optical-bottom 96-well plates were coated with 100% growth-factor-reduced-Matrigel™. Using the 3D On-Top method54 , 1 × 103 cells/well cells were suspended in 3D growth medium (2.5% Matrigel™ +/− 1% FCS). The cells were incubated for two days to allow spheroid formation, following which 3D growth medium containing VN, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 +/− peptides P8s or RGD were added to the wells and replaced every two days for up to ten days. Live cells were stained using fluorescein diacetate (FDA) dye and imaged using fluorescence microscopy (Nikon Eclipse TS) and analyzed using ImageJ (Supplementary Methods).
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3

Immunohistochemical Labeling of Neural Markers

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A standard immunohistochemistry procedure was performed as described in our previous studies [25 (link), 26 (link)]. Briefly, after tissues were sectioned (10-μm thickness) on a cryostat (CM 1950; Leica), TG and TNC sections were blocked with 5% normal goat serum in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) plus 0.15% Triton X-100 for 1 h and then incubated overnight in a primary antibody against NeuN (neuronal marker, rabbit, 1: 500, Abcam) or calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) (mouse, 1: 500, Abcam). The sections were washed with PBS and incubated in Cy3-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (1: 500, Cell Signaling Technology) or Dylight488 goat anti-mouse IgG (1: 500, Multi Sciences) for 2 h at room temperature. The slices were viewed under an upright fluorescence microscope (Eclipse Ts, Nikon) and images were taken using a CCD camera (Cool Snap HQ2). Negative controls incubated with secondary antibody only did not display any positive staining (not shown).
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4

Assessing Anticancer Activity via Live Imaging

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Live cell imaging-cancer cells were seeded at 0.2 ×10 cells 6 per well in 24-well tissue culture plate treated with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC ) of compound for 24 50 h. After incubation, cells were observed under inverted phase contrast microscopy for morphological changes.
Acridine orange (AO) and ethidium bromide (EB) stainingcancer cells were seeded at 0.2 ×10 cells per well in 24-well 6 tissue culture plate treated with the IC concentration of 50 compound and incubated for 24 h. After incubation, the cells were washed thrice with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), stained with 10µl of dye mixture (10 mg mL AO -1
and 10 mg mL EB) and cells were examined under -1 fluorescence microscope. Digital images were obtained using the image acquiring software program (Eclipse TS, Nikon, USA) (Lalitha et al., 2016; Lalitha et al., 2018; Song et al., 2005) .
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5

Confocal Imaging of Stained Cells

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After experimental data had been collected, the devices were saved and taken for staining and confocal imaging. The devices were first rinsed with PBS to remove excess cells and fragments and then incubated with 4% paraformaldehyde (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Cat. No. sc-281692). After initial preparation devices were stained with DAPI (Molecular Probes, Cat. No. D1306), anti-cytokeratin (CK19) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Cat. No. sc-33119) and anti-CD45 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Cat. No. sc-1187) according to the standard confocal staining protocol. A coverslip was placed on top of each device and sealed before imaging. Confocal laser scanning microscopy images were obtained on a Nikon Eclipse T. with coverslip corrected objective focused at 600X.
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6

Immunofluorescence Staining of Tight Junctions

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Transwells were cut from the chamber, cut in half with a sharp blade, and cells were permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 for 15 min, then blocked with 0.1% BSA in PBS for 1 h.44 (link) Primary antibodies were diluted in 0.1% BSA in PBS and incubated with cells overnight at 4°. Primary antibodies used were as follows: ZO-1 (1:100, 61-7300, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA), V5 (1:50, R96025, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA), ARL13B (1:100, 17711-1-AP, Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA), COL IV (1:100, AB6586, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), and COL VI (1:100, AB6588, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA). Secondary antibody was diluted 1:500 in 0.1% BSA in PBS and incubated with cells for 2 h at room temperature. Secondary antibodies used were labeled with Alexa Fluor 488 (A11034, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), Alexa Fluor 555 (A21429, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), or Alexa Fluor 647 (A21235, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Lastly, cells were incubated with DAPI, rinsed with PBS, and mounted with Fluoromount-G (17984-25, Electron Microscopy Sciences, Hatfield, PA, USA). Samples were imaged with a TCS SP5 II confocal laser scanning microscope (Leica, Allendale, NJ, USA) or fluorescence microscope (Eclipse T, Nikon, Melville, NY, USA).
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7

Immunofluorescence Staining of Cells

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After experimental data had been collected, the devices were saved and taken for staining and confocal imaging. The devices were first rinsed with PBS to remove excess cells and buffy coat fragments and then incubated with 4% paraformaldehyde (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Cat. No. sc-281692). After initial preparation device were stained with anti-EpCAM (EMD Bioscience, Cat. No. OP187) primary antibody, anti-mouse IgG-TR (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Cat. No. sc-2781) Texas Red conjugated secondary antibody, and DAPI (Molecular Probes, Cat. No. D1306) according to the standard confocal staining protocol. A coverslip was placed on top of each device and sealed before imaging. Confocal laser scanning microscopy images were obtained on a Nikon Eclipse T. with coverslip corrected objective focused at 600×.
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