100 ng/mL TGF-β1 (MedChemExpress, USA) was dissolved in DMEM to a final concentration of 0.2 ng/mL. 1 mM Disitertide (MedChemExpress, USA) was diluted in DMEM at a final concentration of 10 μmol/L. After incubation with TGF-β1 or Disitertide for 12 h, the CFs were harvested for investigation.
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