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Pda100a2

Manufactured by Thorlabs
Sourced in United States

The PDA100A2 is a silicon photodetector amplifier from Thorlabs. It features a photodiode and a transimpedance amplifier in a compact package. The device is designed to convert optical power into an electrical voltage signal.

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5 protocols using pda100a2

1

Microfluidic Droplet Sorting Using SAW

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For recording the videos, we use an inverted microscope (IX73, Olympus, Japan) and a fast camera (Fastcam Mini UX50, Photron, Japan). The microfluidic chip is mounted in a chip holder with a printed circuit board (PCB) the size of a standard microscope slide (76 mm × 26 mmm) on the microscope stage. A custom-made pressure system is used to generate all flows inside the chip. The optical fibres are connected accordingly, the 105 μm fibre (M15L, Thorlabs, USA) to the photodetector (PDA100A2, Thorlabs, USA) and the 50 μm (M14L, Thorlabs, USA) with the LED, 455 nm wavelength emission, (M455F1, Thorlabs, USA). The photodetector detects a voltage signal and an increase in absorbance causes a decrease in voltage. The photodetector connects to an FPGA card NI PCIe-7841R (National instruments, USA) and the whole system is controlled by the LabView software.
A switch (ZX80-DR230-S+, Mini-circuit, USA) connects the FPGA card with a signal generator (SMB100A, Rohde&Schwarz, Deutschland) and the PCB of the AcAADS-chip. If a droplet signal crosses a pre-set threshold the SAW is triggered and sorts the target droplet. In the LabVIEW software the parameters for the sorting threshold, the delay time and the pulse length are set accordingly.
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2

Multiparametric Flow Cytometry Detection

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All photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) used in this work were purchased from Hamamatsu Photonics Inc PMTs of 10 MHz with built-in amplifier (H10723-210 MOD, MOD2, H10723-Y2, A2, MOD2) were used for detecting the dGMI, ssGMI, bsGMI, and fsGMI signals, while PMTs of 200 kHz (H10723-20 Y1, H10723-20 MOD, H10723-210 Y1), 1MHz (H10723-210 MOD3, H10723-20 MOD3), or 10MHz (H10723-210 MOD2) were used to detect fluorescence signals, SSC, and BSC signals. FSC signals were obtained using either a photodetector (PDA100A or PDA100A2, Thorlabs) or a PMT of 200 kHz (H10723-20 MOD, H10723-20-01). Multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC, S13360-6075CS) from Hamamatsu photonics Inc was used to detect the bfGMI. The direct current of dGMI, fsGMI, bfGMI, ssGMI, and FSC signals were cut with an electronic high-pass filter. The PMT signals were recorded with electronic filters using a digitizer (M2i.4932-Exp, Spectrum, Germany) or an FPGA development board (TR4, Terasic) with a homemade analog/digital converter. The digitizer and/or FPGA continually collected a fixed length of signal segments from each color channel at the same time, with a fixed trigger condition applied to the FSC signals.
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3

Angle-Resolved Characterization of OLED Devices

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jVL characteristics were recorded using a source-measurement unit (2400 SourceMeter, Keithley Instruments) and a calibrated silicon photodiode. Angle-resolved EL spectra were acquired in steps of 1° using a custom-built automated goniometer setup equipped with a fiber-coupled spectrometer (Maya LSL, OceanOptics) operating the OLEDs in constant current mode. Efficiencies were calculated by both assuming a Lambertian emission profile and by taking the measured angular emission profiles into account. Variations in device performance in air or aqueous environments were measured by monitoring the relative luminance and current over time at a specific voltage using a source-measurement unit (2450 SourceMeter, Keithley Instruments) and a silicon photodetector (PDA100A2, ThorLabs). Operational lifetime was measured under constant current operation (M6000, McScience). For bending tests, devices were repeatedly flexed around fixed circular metal rods of different radii. A removable custom-built supporting frame was used for some of the electrical characterization to avoid damage to contact pads (Supplementary Fig. 13).
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4

Single-Pixel Imaging System Design

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The hardwares for our MIR single-pixel imaging system are mainly comprised of spatial light modulators, single-element detectors, and control/acquisition units. The spatial modulation is conducted via a DMD (Texas Instrument, DLP650LNIR), which consists of 1280 × 800 micromirrors with a pixel pitch of 10.8-μm and on/off tilting angles of ±12°. A high-speed frame switching is allowed to operate at a binary pattern rate up to 10.752 kHz. The DMD is specified to operate at the near-infrared band from 800 to 2000 nm for ensuring an efficient beam steering performance. Two types of detectors are used in our experiment. One is an analog silicon optical detector (Thorlabs, PDA100A2) with a minimum noise equivalent power about 3 pW/Hz1/2, a response bandwidth up to 11 MHz, and an active area of 75.4 mm2. The other is a digital Si-based photon counter (Excelitas, SPCM-AQRH-54), as specified with a 63% detection efficiency at 771 nm, a dark noise below 100 Hz, and a 180-μm sensor diameter. The detector outputs are registered by a data acquisition system based on a FPGA (Altera, Cyclone II) with a sampling clock up to 250 MHz and a 12-bit analog-to-digital converter (Analog Devices, AD7091R8) with a sampling time of 1 μs. The timing sequences for synchronization trigger, signal acquisition, and data saving are controlled by the FPGA unit.
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5

Optical Monitoring of Redox-Active Hydrogel

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For electrochemical measurement and deposition, a CHI6273C electrochemical analyzer was used. UV-Vis measurements were performed on a Thermo Scientific Evolution 60 spectrophotometer. Mass Spectrometry measurements were obtained using a Waters SQ Detector 2 single quadrupole mass spectrometer, combined with a Waters Alliance® e2695 HPLC system equipped with a dual absorbance 2489 UV/Vis detector. The fluorescence images were captured using an inverted microscope (Olympus BX60).
To monitor the redox state change of PYO-PEG hydrogel optically, a custom motorized optical absorbance meter was designed and constructed. As shown in Figure S7, it consists of a stepper motor positioning platform (Thorlabs MTS50-Z8) which moves a co-located 750nm LED (Thorlabs LED750L), its driver (Thorlabs LEDMT1E), a 25μm pinhole (Thorlabs P25HK), a collimating lens (Thorlabs AL1225M), and a high gain amplified Si photodetector (Thorlabs PDA100A2) on the opposing side.
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