HPLC grade methanol, acetone, and methyl tert-butyl ether were acquired from Fisher Scientific Scharlau Chemie (Loughborough, UK). Sodium chloride was purchased from POCH S.A. (Sowińskiego, Poland). Ultrapure water was obtained with a Milli-Q system (Millipore Ibérica, Madrid, Spain). Ammonium carbonate, acetonitrile, hexane, ethanol (HPLC grade), magnesium chloride hexahydrate, acetic acid, and ammonium acetate were acquired from Scharlab (Sentmenat, Spain). Butyl hydroxytoluene (BHT) was purchased from Scharlau Chemie S.A. (Barcelona, Spain). Calcium chloride dihydrate was obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Sodium hydrogen carbonate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were acquired from VWR (Llinars del Vallès, Spain). Potassium chloride was obtained from Panreac (Castellar del Vallès, Spain). Digestive enzymes (porcine pepsin, porcine bile extract, porcine pancreatin, and porcine lipase) were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany).
Caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and p-coumaric acid commercial patterns were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). B-carotene standard was acquired from Carote-Nature (Ostermundigen, Switzerland), and α-carotene was acquired from Supelco-Merck (Darmstadt, Germany).
Caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and p-coumaric acid commercial patterns were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). B-carotene standard was acquired from Carote-Nature (Ostermundigen, Switzerland), and α-carotene was acquired from Supelco-Merck (Darmstadt, Germany).