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11 protocols using nocodazol

1

Nocodazol Concentration Optimization for Microtubule Assembly

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To identify concentrations of nocodazol that increase microtubule assembly rates HCT116 cells were treated with various sub-nanomolar concentrations (0.5 – 2.5 nM) of nocodazol (Sigma, USA) before performing of EB3 tracking in live cells. For karyotype analyses, single cell clones derived from HCT116 cells were grown in 0.5 nM nocodazol for 30 generations.
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2

Assessing Kinase Inhibitor Efficacy

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EGF was from Invitrogen; selumetinib, afatinib, lapatinib, lapatinib, gefitinib, erlotinib, SHP099 and LY3009120 were from SelleckChem; SCH772984 was from MedChem Express; PMA, nocodazol and CP-724714 were from Sigma-Aldrich; RO-3306 was from Tocris Bioscience; AMG-510 was from MedChemExpress.
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3

Jurkat Cell Nocodazol Synchronization

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Jurkat cells were washed, resuspended at 1 × 106 cells/mL and incubated 4 h with nocodazol (5 μg/mL, M1404, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) in RPMI containing 10% of FCS at 37 °C. 150,000 Jurkat cells were then incubated on coverslip for 30 min, washed once with cold PBS and fixed.
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4

Isobutylcyanoacrylate-based Nanoparticle Synthesis

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Isobutylcyanoacrylate (IBCA) was a gift from Henkel Biomedical (Dublin, Ireland). Dextran (Mw 66900) was purchased from Sigma (Saint Quentin Fallavier, France). Cerium (IV) from cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate was purchased from Fluka (Saint Quentin Fallavier, France). Polyfluor® 570 (methacryloxyethyl thiocarbamoyl rhodamine B) was supplied from Polyscience (Biovalley, Marne la Vallee, France). Fucoidan was extracted and purified from Fucus vesiculosus according to the method described by Lira et al., 2011 (28 (link)). Endocytic pathway inhibitors (cytochalasin D, genistein, chlorpromazine and nocodazol) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, and methyl-ß-cyclodextrin (MeßCD) was provided by Wacker Chemical.
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5

Quantifying Cell Apoptosis by Annexin V

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For cell apoptosis analysis, A549 and H441 cells were seeded in 6-well plates (1.5×105 cells/well) and grown for 24h, then incubated with 10 ng/ml nocodazol (Sigma-Aldrich) for 16h to induce cells to tend apoptosis, and harvested and washed with cold PBS. The cell surface phosphatidylserine in apoptotic cells was quantitatively estimated by using an Annexin V-APC/7-AAD double staining apoptosis detection kit (Liankebio, China) according to manufacturer's instructions. The percentage of apoptotic cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Triplicate experiments with triplicate samples were performed.
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6

Cell Cycle Synchronization and Protein Knockdown

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For synchronization, cells were seeded in media containing 2mM thymidine for 24 hr, released into fresh media for 12 hr, arrested again in 2mM thymidine for 12 hr, released for 8–12 hr, and fixed for immunofluorescence with 2% PFA in PHEM buffer + 0.5% Triton X-100 or ice-cold methanol. For knock-down experiments in stable T-Rex HeLa cell lines lines (Fig. 3, Fig. 4D and Fig. S4), transfection of Ndc80 siRNA (see Key Resource Table for sequence, 75 nM final concentration) was done at first thymidine release and second thymidine block using RNAiMAX (Life Technologies), according to manufacturer’s description. For experiment depicted in Fig. 3E 3.3 µM Nocodazol (Sigma-Aldrich) and 2 µM ZM 447439 (R&D Systems) were added two hours before fixation. For knockdown and replacement experiments (Fig. 4A–C), HeLa cells were co-transfected at the first thymidine release with siRNA oligos (75 nM for Ndc80, 20 nM for Mad2) and 100 ng rescue plasmid using Lipofectamine 2000 (Life Technologies). Cells were transfected a second time with siRNA oligos at the second thymidine block using RNAiMAX (Life Technologies). For mock and siRNA only controls, an empty pEGFP vector was used as the rescue plasmid. For transient transfection Ndc80 tail experiments, 75 nM GAPD siRNA oligos (Thermo Scientific) were included as mock controls.
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7

Cell Cycle Synchronization and Analysis

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For cell cycle studies, cells were incubated in the presence of 2 mM thymidine (Sigma; 16 h), released in fresh medium (8 h) and then subjected to a second thymidine block (16 h) as described previously17 (link). For FACs, cells were collected after every 3 h to assess changes in cell-cycle kinetics. Cell-cycle quantification of flow cytometry data (FACScan, BD Biosciences) was conducted using ModFit (Verity Software House). 150 nM Nocodazol (Sigma) for 16 hours was used to arrest cells in mitosis.
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8

Nocodazol-Induced Chromosome Counting

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The cells were treated overnight with 3.3 μmol/L Nocodazol (Sigma Aldrich). The next day, the cells were harvested by mitotic shake off and hypotonically swollen in 40% medium/60% tap water for 20 min at 37°C. The cells were fixed with freshly prepared Carnoy's solution (75% methanol and 25% acetic acid), and the fixative was changed several times. For spreading, the cells in Carnoy's solution were dropped onto pre‐chilled glass slides. Slides were dried at room temperature for 24 h and stained with 4’,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Chromosome number per condition was counted using an AxioObserver.Z1 microscope with an HCX PL APO CS 63.0 × 1.4 oil UV objective (Zeiss). Graphic representation of the results was performed using GraphPad Prism software (GraphPad.com).
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9

Nocodazol-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest

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We incubated cells for 6 h in 200 ng/mL nocodazol (SIGMA) at 37 °C, we harvested them and performed a hypotonic shock with 8 g/L sodium citrate for 10 min at 37 °C. We collected cells on coverslips for 5 min at 90 G with a cytospin 3 (SHANDON) and immediately performed IF 24 h after transfection with GFP-LacI or mCherry-TetR.
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10

Assessing Kinase Inhibitor Efficacy

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EGF was from Invitrogen; selumetinib, afatinib, lapatinib, lapatinib, gefitinib, erlotinib, SHP099 and LY3009120 were from SelleckChem; SCH772984 was from MedChem Express; PMA, nocodazol and CP-724714 were from Sigma-Aldrich; RO-3306 was from Tocris Bioscience; AMG-510 was from MedChemExpress.
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