Rosiglitazone

3T3-L1 adipocytes were differentiated with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM)–high glucose containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 350 nM insulin (Gibco, Carlsbad, CA, USA), 250 nM dexamethasone and 500 nM isobutylmethylxanthine for 48 h, followed by 10% FBS–DMEM and 350 nM insulin for 48 h. C2C12 myoblasts were differentiated into myotubes with DMEM–high glucose containing 2% horse serum and 1 μM insulin. Primary cells were isolated from white subcutaneous or brown interscapular fat tissue from 8–10-week-old C57BL6 mice as described previously.^{16 (link)} Adipocyte differentiation was induced by treating cells for 48 h in 10% FBS–DMEM containing 500 nM isobutylmethylxanthine, 125 nM indomethacin, 1 μM dexamethasone, 850 nM insulin, 1 nM T3 and 1 μM rosiglitazone (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA), followed by 48 h of 10% FBS–DMEM with 850 nM insulin, 1 nM T3 and 1 μM rosiglitazone. HEK293 cells (for lentivirus) or Platinum-E cells (retrovirus) were used for viral production. Cells were infected overnight with viral supernatant supplemented with 4 μg ml^−l polybrene. All chemicals for cell culture were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA) unless otherwise stated.