Prostaglandin pg e2

Manufactured by Cayman Chemical

Sourced in United States

Prostaglandin (PG)E2 is a naturally occurring lipid compound classified as a prostanoid. It functions as a signaling molecule and plays a role in various physiological processes.

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Prostaglandin E2 (36 citations) Prostaglandins (6 citations)

4 protocols using prostaglandin pg e2

Cytokine and Growth Factor Quantification

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One hundred μg protein was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for IL-17A, IL-22, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, vascular epithelial growth factor A (VEGF-A; hereafter referred to as VEGF) (all from R&D Systems) and prostaglandin (PG)E2 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI) according to the manufacturer's protocols.

De Simone V., Ronchetti G., Franzè E., Colantoni A., Ortenzi A., Fantini M.C., Rizzo A., Sica G.S., Sileri P., Rossi P., MacDonald T.T., Pallone F., Monteleone G, & Stolfi C. (2015). Interleukin-21 sustains inflammatory signals that contribute to sporadic colon tumorigenesis. Oncotarget, 6(12), 9908-9923.

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Lipid Mediator Quantification Protocol

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Firstly, 11,12-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (11,12-EET) 11,12-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (11,12-DHET), 14,15-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (14,15-EET), 14,15-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (14,15-DHET), 9,10-epoxyoctadecamonoenic acid (9,10-EpOME), 9,10-dihydroxyoctadecenoic acid (9,10-DiHOME), 12,13-epoxyoctadecamonoenic acid (12,13-EpOME), 12,13-dihydroxyoctadecenoic acid (12,13-DiHOME), prostaglandin (PG) E₂, PGD₂, PGI₂, PGH₂, 12(S)-hydroxyheptadeca-5Z,8E,10E-trienoic acid (12-HHT), malondialdehyde (MDA), 19,20-epoxydocosapentaenoic acid (19,20-EDP), and 19,20-dihydroxydocosapentaenoic acid (19,20-DHDP) were from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Acetonitrile (ultra LC–MS grade), ethanol (HPLC gradient grade), formic acid (p.a grade), and isopropanol (LC–MS grade) were from Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany), and ethyl acetate (LC grade) was from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). All other compounds including flufenamic acid were from Sigma–Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany).

Kesavan R., Frömel T., Zukunft S., Brüne B., Weigert A., Wittig I., Popp R, & Fleming I. (2021). The Consequences of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Deletion on Tumorigenesis and Metastasis in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(13), 7120.

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Measuring Eicosanoid Concentrations via EIA

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Eicosanoid concentrations were measured using specific enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Prostaglandin (PG)E₂, thromboxane (TX)B₂, leukotriene (LT)B₄, 15-HETE, and lipoxin (LX)A₄ kits were purchased from Cayman Chemicals (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). 12-HETE and 15-epi-LXA₄ kits were purchased from Enzo Life Sciences (Farmingdale, NY, USA) and Oxford Biochemical (Oxford, MI, USA), respectively. The 20-HETE kit was from Eagle Biosciences (Nashua, NH, USA).

Yuan Z.X, & Rapoport S.I. (2015). Transient postnatal fluoxetine decreases brain concentrations of 20-HETE and 15-epi-LXA4, arachidonic acid metabolites in adult mice. Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids, 101, 9-14.

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Licochalcones Inhibit Prostaglandin Synthesis

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Licochalcones were provided by Research Laboratory of Minophagen Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. (Zama, Japan). Prostaglandin (PG) E₂, d₄-PGE₂, U46619, COX-1, COX-2 and TXB₂ EIA Kit were purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (Ann Arbor, MI). Collagen (Collagenreagent Horm) was purchased from Nycomed Pharma GMBH (Marburg, Germany). Thrombin was purchased from Wako Pure Chemicals (Osaka, Japan). Arachidonic acid and ADP were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) or Cayman Chemical Company. All other chemicals used were of reagent grade or the highest quality available.

Okuda-Tanino A., Sugawara D., Tashiro T., Iwashita M., Obara Y., Moriya T., Tsushima C., Saigusa D., Tomioka Y., Ishii K, & Nakahata N. (2017). Licochalcones extracted from Glycyrrhiza inflata inhibit platelet aggregation accompanied by inhibition of COX-1 activity. PLoS ONE, 12(3), e0173628.

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