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Silverquest kit

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom

The SilverQuest kit is a laboratory equipment product designed for the detection and visualization of proteins in polyacrylamide gels. The kit utilizes a silver-based staining method to enable the sensitive and selective staining of proteins, allowing for their identification and analysis in the gel.

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41 protocols using silverquest kit

1

Immunoprecipitation for Antigen Identification

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Immunoprecipitation (IP) was done to enrich for the antigen target of 2448. Lysate from IGROV1 cells were precleared with Protein G-Sepharose resin (GE Healthcare) and clarified by centrifugation. Samples were subsequently incubated overnight on a rotator with 2448-coated Protein G-Sepharose resin. After multiple washes with PBS and saline solution containing 150 mM NaCl at pH 7.4, elution was done with SDS-containing buffer. IP products were separated by SDS-PAGE and analyzed on Western blot or stained using SilverQuest kit (Invitrogen). Silver stained bands corresponding to the antigen of interest were manually excised and soaked overnight in 2.5 mM ammonium bicarbonate in 50% acetonitrile solution at 4° C. Samples were subjected to in-gel trypsin proteolysis and sent for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis.
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2

Quantifying Collagen I Deposition by SDS-PAGE

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To assess collagen type I deposition sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was performed at p4, at a seeding density of 25,000 cells/cm2, at day 4 and at day 10 of culture, as has been described previously (Capella-Monsonis et al., 2018 (link)). Briefly, at each time point media were aspired and cell layers were washed with HBSS. Subsequently, cell layers were digested with porcine gastric mucosa pepsin at a final concentration of 0.1 mg/mL in 0.05 M acetic acid (Fischer Scientific, Ireland) and incubated for 2 h at 37°C with gentle shaking. After digestion, cell layers were scraped and neutralised with 0.1 N sodium hydroxide. For electrophoresis, sample buffer (SDS, 1.25 M Tris HCl, glycerol, bromophenol blue) was added to the samples. Cell layers were analysed by SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions with a Mini-Protean® three electrophoresis system (Bio-Rad Laboratories, United Kingdom). Bovine collagen type I (125 μg/mL, Symatese Biomateriaux, France) was used as control on every gel. Protein bands were stained with the SilverQuest™ kit (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. The gels were imaged with a HP PrecisionScan Pro scanner (HP, United Kingdom). Densitometric analysis of the α1 and α2 bands was performed with ImageJ software (NIH).
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3

Purification of UHRF1 Protein Complex

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Cells were lysed in hypotonic buffer (10 mm Tris-HCl at pH 7.65, 1.5 mm MgCl2, 10 mm KCl) and disrupted by Dounce homogenizer. This extract was then centrifuged at 4° C to separate the cytosolic fraction from the pellet. The nuclear-soluble fraction was obtained by incubation of the pellet in high-salt buffer (to get a final NaCl concentration of 300 mM). Tagged UHRF1 was then immunoprecipitated with anti-Flag M2-agarose (Sigma), eluted with Flag peptide (0.5 mg/mL), further affinity-purified with anti-HA antibody-conjugated agarose (Sigma), and eluted with HA peptide (1 mg/mL). The HA and Flag peptides were first buffered with 50 mM Tris-Cl (pH 8.5), then diluted to 4 mg/mL in TGEN 150 buffer (20 mM Tris at pH 7.65, 150 mM NaCl, 3 mM MgCl2, 0.1 mM EDTA, 10% glycerol, 0 0.01% NP40), and stored at −20° C until use. Between each step, beads were washed in TGEN 150 buffer. Complexes were resolved by SDS-PAGE and stained using the Silver Quest kit (Invitrogen).
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4

Purification and Stabilization of Smc5/6 Complex

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Human Smc5/6 complex (80 pmoles) was applied on a continuous 5–20% sucrose density gradient (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 8, 500 mM NaCl, 0.05 mM EDTA, 6.25 mM MgCl2, 0.5 mM βME). The gradient was generated in a BioComp gradient station. Ultracentrifugation was performed at 4 °C during 22 hours at 32,000 rpm in a Sorvall WX100 centrifuge (SW 41 Ti rotor, Beckman Coulter). 450 µL fractions were collected manually by pipetting from the top of the tube to the bottom and visualized by silver staining using SilverQuest Kit (Invitrogen).
A modified GraFix protocol was followed when complex stabilization was required for structural analysis (Kastner et al., 2008 (link); Stark, 2010 (link)). Briefly, the heavy fraction (20% sucrose) of a 5–20% sucrose gradient (50 mM HEPES pH8, 500 mM NaCl, 0.05 mM EDTA, 6.25 mM MgCl2, 0.5 mM βME) was supplemented with 0.15% glutaraldehyde. The gradient was generated in a BioComp gradient station. The samples were ultracentrifuged and fractionated as above and immediately quenched by addition of 450 µL of buffer Q (100 mM Tris-HCl pH 8, 500 mM glycine, 300 mM NaCl and 2% glycerol). Samples were visualized by silver staining.
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5

Identifying Cellular Interactors of JCV T-Antigen

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For the identification of cellular interacting proteins of the JCV tAg, large-scale FLAG pulldown was performed by transfecting 10- by 10-cm dishes of HEK 293T cells with 20 μg of DNA per dish. Cells were harvested and resuspended in ice-cold PBS, followed by lysis in NP-40 buffer (50 mM HEPES [pH 7.4], 150 mM NaCl, 1% [vol/vol] NP-40, and protease inhibitor cocktail [Sigma; P2714]) and preclearing of cell lysates using Sepharose beads for 2 h at 4°C. Precipitates were extensively washed with 1% NP-40 lysis buffer, and proteins bound to M2 FLAG beads were separated on NuPAGE 4 to 12% Bis-Tris gradient gel (Invitrogen). The gel was silver stained according to the manufacturer’s instructions (SilverQuest kit; Invitrogen), and bands specific to tAg-transfected lanes, but not the vector control, were excised and analyzed by ion trap mass spectrometry at the Harvard Taplin Biological Mass Spectrometry Facility in Boston, MA.
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6

Efficient Isolation and Purification of Actin Complexes

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Cells were harvested by trypsinization, spun down, washed twice in ice-cold PBS and resuspended in a lysis buffer [20 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.40, 5 mM CH3COOK, 150 mM NaCl, 0.5 mM MgCl2, 0.5 mM DTT and 0.5% (w/v) Triton X-100] containing EDTA-free protease inhibitor cocktail (cOmplete, Roche, Basel, Switzerland) and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (Phos STOP, Roche). The lysate was centrifuged at 16,000 g for 20 min to pellet insoluble proteins. STrEP-T-actin-coupled sepharose beads (IBA GMBH, Göttingen, Germany) were washed several times with the lysis buffer, added to the lysate and the mixture incubated for 2 h. The beads were then spun down, washed five times for 10 min with the lysis buffer and finally the bound proteins were eluted in a native form using lysis buffer or 50 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.00 (for MS analysis) containing 2.5 mM desthiobiotin. The ‘pulldown’ eluate was analyzed by SDS-PAGE or MS and proteins visualized by staining the polyacrylamide gel with SilverQuest kit according to manufacturer's protocol (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). The eluates were concentrated by ultrafiltration (Ultracel 10K, Merck Millipore, Billerica, MA).
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7

2D Gel Electrophoresis Protein Separation

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For analytical gels, 100 µg of protein were rehydrated then subjected to isoelectrofocusing in 18 cm long second dimension gels, pH 3–10 NL as previously described20 (link). To prepare the gel strips for separation in the second dimension they were soaked twice for 15 min in an SDS-PAGE equilibration buffer as previously described14 (link). For the second dimension, strips were embedded in 0.5% w/v agarose containing a trace of bromophenol blue and loaded onto hinged spacer plates (20 cm × 20.5 cm; Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) using 9.5–16.5% SDS polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis. The same running and staining apparatus at a constant current of 30 mA per gel at 10 °C was used for all samples. Gels were silver stained with SilverQuest kit (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA).
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8

Western Blot Immunodetection Protocol

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Lysates were separated by SDS-PAGE and probed with the indicated antibodies. Primary antibodies against the following proteins/epitopes were used: T7 (1:500), SRSF1 (AK-96, 1:500), hnRNPA1 (AK-55, 1:50). HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse or anti-rabbit (Biorad, 1:10,000) antibodies were used for chemiluminescent detection [52 (link)]. AK-96 and AK-55 were previously described [55 (link)]. Silver-stained gels were stained with a SilverQuest kit (Invitrogen), following the manufacturer’s instructions.
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9

Silver Staining Protein Gel Analysis

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About 10% of the elution samples were run in 4–15% gradient gels (Biorad). Afterwards, gels were fixed in 40% ethanol and 10% acetic acid containing solution. After fixation, silver staining was performed with a SilverQuest kit (Invitrogen) following the manufacturer's instructions.
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10

Purification of His-tagged Proteins

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Bacterial pellets were resuspended in lysis buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.4, 200 mM NaCl, 1% Triton-X-100, 10% glycerol, 0.06% β-mercaptoethanol, 20 mM imidazole, protease inhibitors, DNase1, RNase A, pH 7.5) and lysed by sonication. The soluble fraction was filtered (0.45 μm) before being loaded on to an equilibrated Ni2+ Sepharose resin column (GE Healthcare). Resin was washed (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.4, 500 mM NaCl, 10% glycerol, 0.06% β-mercaptoethanol, 100 mM imidazole) and the protein was eluted into wash-based buffer with 500 mM imidazole. Protein was dialysed overnight into PBS and quantified by spectrometry. SDS-PAGE was conducted upon both bacterial lysates and eluted protein fractions according to previously described methods55 (link) using 12% gels. Silver staining was conducted according to manufacturer’s instructions (SilverQuest kit, Invitrogen). Immunoblots were conducted with an in-house rabbit anti-core polyclonal sera (1:2000), commercial anti-His monoclonal antibody (1:1000, Invitrogen) and HRP-labelled secondary antibodies. For protein identification, Coomassie stained bands were excised, reduced, alkylated and digested with trypsin. The recovered peptides were analysed by LC-MS/MS and subsequent searching of the tandem MS data against the Uniprot sequence database.
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