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Scriptaid

Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States

Scriptaid is a laboratory reagent used in epigenetics research. It functions as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, which helps regulate gene expression by modifying the acetylation state of histones. Scriptaid is commonly utilized in cell culture and biochemical studies to investigate the role of HDAC activity in various biological processes.

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12 protocols using scriptaid

1

Cytotoxicity and Clonogenic Assays

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MTT assay was performed to determine the toxicity of the drugs on lung cancer cell lines. Cells seeded in 96-well plates, at a density of 1 × 105 cells per well, were given the indicated drug treatment-Cisplatin (Sigma, USA) and Scriptaid (Sigma, USA) for 72 hrs. 100 μl of MTT solution (100 μg/ml) was added to each well and after its conversion to a soluble formazan, cell viability was measured by spectrophotometric absorbance at 490 nm. For clonogenic assay, cells were seeded at a density of 1000 cells per well in 6-well plates coated with poly-L-lysine (Sigma, USA). After giving the indicated treatment for 2 hrs, cells were grown in regular growth media for 2 weeks. The resulting colonies were fixed, stained with 0.5% crystal violet and counted using the ImageJ image analysis software.
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2

Modulation of Larval Zebrafish Development

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At 3 dpf dye larvae were separated from unaffected sibling larvae based on phenotype. dye mutants and siblings were treated with either 1 µM Trichostatin A (TSA, Sigma) with or without 100–500 nM ANA-12, 6 µM Scriptaid (Sigma), 10 µM MC1568 (Tocris Biosciences), 10 µM MS275 (Cayman Chemicals), 10 µM 7,8-dihydroxyflavone hydrate (Sigma) or 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) vehicle control in a final concentration of 0.1% v/v DMSO/embryo medium solution. Optimum drug concentrations for treatments were determined by prior treatment with 0.25–4 µM TSA, 2-10 µM Scriptaid, 5–20 µM MC1568 and 5-20 µM MS275, 2.5–10 µM 7,8-dihydroxyflavone hydrate, and assessment of defects in gross morphology and optokinetic response. For each treatment 12 larvae were transferred to 10 mL drug solution in a 60 × 15 mm petri dish, sealed in a container, and incubated under standard conditions stated above until 5 dpf.
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3

Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer with HDAC Inhibitor

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We collected both oocytes and CCs from 8- to 10-week-old B6D2F1 female mice by superovulation. Superovulation was induced by sequentially injecting 7 IU of PMSG and 5 IU of hCG (San-Sheng Pharmaceutical, China) at an interval of 48 h. Then, cumulus–oocyte complexes were collected from oviducts 14 h after hCG injection and treated with hyaluronidase from bovine testes (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, United States) to obtain dissociated CCs and oocytes.
The oocytes were enucleated in a chamber containing oil-covered HCZB supplemented with 5 μg/ml of CB (Sigma) by Piezo-driven pipette (PrimeT 130 each) of an Olympus inverted microscope (Tokyo, Japan). The nuclei of donor CCs were transferred into enucleated oocytes by direct injection and activated through 5 h incubation in Ca2+-free CZB containing 1 mM SrCl2 and 5 μg/ml CB. The reconstructed embryos were thoroughly washed and cultured in G1 medium under 5% CO2 at 37°C.
For NT with the HDACi treatment, Scriptaid (Sigma, United States) was employed for a total of 10 h with a concentration of 5 nM by adding to the culture medium at the beginning of zygote activation.
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4

Cell Lines Maintenance and Reagents

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Human cell lines H1299, PCL/PRF/5, HepG2, PANC-1, and Hep3B were from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA). H1299 cells were maintained in RPMI (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA, USA) with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Thermo Fisher) and 100 mg/ml of penicillin–streptomycin. HepG2, Hep3B and PANC-1 cells were maintained in DMEM (Thermo Fisher) with 10% FBS and 100 mg/ml of penicillin-streptomycin. PLC/PRF/5 cells were maintained in MEM-α (Thermo Fisher) with 10% FBS and 100 mg/ml of penicillin-streptomycin. Cells were grown in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 and 95% air at 37°C. The following reagents were used: TGFβ-1 (Peprotech, Rocky Hill, NJ, USA); TGFβ receptor I-specific inhibitor 616451 (EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA); SMAD3-specific inhibitor SIS3 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA); Scriptaid, Trichostatin A, and 5-fluorouracil were from Sigma-Aldrich.
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5

HDAC Inhibitor Screening in Cells

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The culture medium for cells growing at 50–70% confluence was replaced by medium containing one of HDAC inhibitors including TsA, scriptaid, apicidin, butyrate and nicotinamide (Sigma Chemical Co.) at the specified concentrations. After treatment for a specific time (12–24 h), the cells stained using the CCF2-AM assay and observed using a fluorescence microscope.
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6

Investigating DNA Damage in Oocytes and Embryos

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KU55933 (Selleckchem) was used as an ATM inhibitor, caffeine (Sigma) as an ATR and ATM inhibitor, and scriptaid (Sigma) as an HDAC inhibitor. To investigate DNA damage, etoposide (100 mg/mL stock in dimethyl sulfoxide; stored at 4°C until required) was added to the IVM or IVC medium to a final concentration of 0 (controls), 25, 50, and 100 μg/mL. To induce DSBs in oocytes, GV oocytes were cultured in IVM medium containing 25 μg/mL of etoposide for 5 h, after which the cumulus cells were removed to determine the levels of γH2AX or ATM-p. To induce DSBs in embryos, parthenogenic embryos were cultured in IVC medium containing 0 (controls), 25, 50, or 100 μg/mL of etoposide for 5 h starting after removal from cytochalasin B. Parthenogenic embryos were treated or not (control) with KU55933 (10 μM), caffeine (5 mM), or scriptaid (500 μM) for 20 h starting after Ca2+ ionophore treatment.
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7

HDAC Inhibitor Impacts on 3D Cultured Cells

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Cells were thawed and cultured overnight (20–24 hs) in 24 or 96 well round bottom plates at 200 cells/μl in serum free Stem Span ACF media (Stem Cell Technologies) supplemented with 3 cytokines (C3) at 37 °C, 5% CO2, 95% humidity. The following cytokines were used for expansion: Stem Cell Factor (SCF), FLT-3Ligand (FL) (both at 100 ng/ml) and Thrombopoietin (TPO; 20 ng/ml) (all from R&D Systems). On day 0, cells were harvested, counted using Countbright absolute counting beads (Molecular Probes) by flow cytometry40 (link)–42 (link) and plated on 3D nanofiber scaffolds (NANEX plates from Compass Biomedicals) at an optimised cell density of 2,500 cells/ml in Stem Span ACF supplemented with 3 cytokines as described above23 (link),24 (link),41 (link). Cells were either treated with the HDAC inhibitor Scriptaid (Sigma) at 1 µM in DMSO or an equivalent amount of vehicle (0.1% DMSO, Sigma) and harvested for downstream assays on days 2 or 5.
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8

Cytarabine storage and epigenetic compound libraries

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Cytarabine (147–94-4, Pfizer, New York, NY, USA) was aliquoted and stored at 4 °C with bulk concentrations of 411 mM. SCREEN-WELL® Epigenetics library (BML-2836, Enzo LifeSciences Inc., Farmingdale, NY, USA) and Chemotherapeutic Agent Library (L1500, Selleck, Munich, Germany) were stored at − 80 °C until use. Substances used for proliferation studies including bortezomib (2204S, Cell Signaling Technologies), lenalidomide (PCID-216326 Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), apicidin (A8851, Sigma Aldrich), belinostat (PXD101), M-344 (M5820, Sigma Aldrich), oxamflatin (O3139, Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), scriptaid (S7817, Sigma Aldrich), trichostatin A (T1952, Sigma Aldrich) and vorinostat (SAHA MK0683, Selleck) were dissolved in DMSO (Sigma Aldrich), aliquoted and stored at − 80 °C until use.
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9

Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Preparation

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The HDACi tested were SAHA and MS275 (Cayman chemicals, MI, USA), VPA (Sigma-Aldrich, MO, USA), LBH589 (Biovision, CA, USA), and Scriptaid (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, CA, USA). Stocks were prepared at 100mM (VPA) in sterile water and at 50mM (SAHA), 10mM (Scriptaid), 4 mM (MS275), and 200μM (LBH589) in dimethyl sulfoxide (Sigma-Aldrich) and stored at -20°C. Staurosporin was obtained from BioMol (Hamburg, Germany).
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10

Culturing Canine B-cell Lymphoma Cell Lines

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The canine CLBL-1 [31 , 32 (link)] and 17–71 [53 (link)] (kindly provided by Dr. Steven Suter, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA) B-cell lymphoma cell lines were cultured in Roswell Park Memorial Institute–1640 (RPMI-1640) medium (Gibco, Life Technologies, Paisley, UK) supplemented with 10% heat inactivated fetal calf serum (FCS, Gibco) and penicillin 100 U/ml plus streptomycin 0.1 mg/ml (Gibco). Cell cultures were maintained at 37° C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 (T75-tissue culture flasks, Greiner Bio-One, Kremsmünster, Austria). The Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Inhibitor Set II, which includes CI-994, Panobinostat (LBH589), SAHA, SBHA, Scriptaid, Trichostatin A and Tubacin, was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, Cat # EPI009). HDACi stock solutions were prepared at 5 mg/ml, except for CI-994 (10 mg/ml) and SBHA (50 mg/ml) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (Sigma-Aldrich) and stored at −20° C. Panobinostat for the in vivo studies was purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, TX, Cat # S1030).
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