Piracetam

Psychostimulants–cocaine and METH, Opioid- morphine and piracetam (purity > 99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (CAS- St. Louis, MO, USA). Cell culture reagents were purchased from ScienCell (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Primary antibodies against HDACs (1–7) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Danvers, MA, USA). The HATs PCAF and GCN5 were purchased from Proteintech (Rosemont, IL) and p300 was purchased from Epigentek (Farmingdale, NY). Histone H3 Acetylation Antibody Panel Pack I (H3K9ac, H3K14ac, H3K18ac, H3K27ac) and H3K56ac were purchased from Epigentek (Farmingdale, NY, USA). A polyclonal histone-H3 antibody was purchased from Proteintech (Rosemont, IL). Electrophoresis reagents and nitrocellulose membranes were purchased from Bio-Rad (Richmond, CA, USA). All other reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

We assessed whether or not Piracetam could improve the phenotype of a naturally occurring Plp1^A243V mouse model, myelin synthesis deficiency (msd) mouse”. We treated wild-type and msd mice with Piracetam and vehicle to examine the effect of Piracetam on body weight and survival. All msd mice were male. Piracetam (CAS No. 7491-74-9) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co., LLC (St. Louis, MO, USA). For the treated group (N = 14), 200 mg/kg of Piracetam dissolved in PBS (final concentration of Piracetam: 60 mg/ml) was administered by intraperitoneal injection for 5 consecutive days per week from postnatal day 3. For the control group (N = 24), the same amount of PBS was administered in the same pattern. The dosage of Piracetam was determined by referencing previous reports [[28] (link), [29] (link), [30] (link)]. All of the animal handling and treatment protocols were reviewed and approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (approval number, 2017010).

Piracetam (purity > 99%) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Cell culture reagents were purchased from ScienCell (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Primary antibodies were purchased from Proteintech (Rosemont, IL, USA) and EpiGentek (Farmingdale, NY, USA). Electrophoresis reagents and nitrocellulose membranes were purchased from Bio-Rad (Richmond, CA, USA). All other reagents were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All fluorescent secondary antibodies were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA).

Scopolamine, chloral hydrate, acetylthiocholine iodide, 5, 5-dithiobis (2-nitro-benzoic acid) (DTNB), 2-thiobabituric acid (TBA), Piracetam were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich, USA. All drugs and extracts were freshly prepared in saline on the day of the experiments. Scopolamine and Piracetam was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) to the rats while the extract was administered by gavage (per os, p.o.). Control animals received oral administration of 10 ml/kg body of the vehicle.