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4 protocols using anti ccl5 antibody

1

Detecting Triple Negative Breast Cancer Markers

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ZA was sourced from Novartis Pharma AG Basel, Switzerland. Monoclonal antibodies against human CD25-PE were purchased from eBioscience (San Diego, CA, USA), CD69-FITC was sourced from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA, USA); the secondary antibody goat anti-mouse IgG FITC was sourced from Merck Millipore (Billerica, MA); and human CCL2/MCP1, human CCL5/RANTES, anti-CCL2 antibody, and anti-CCL5 antibody were sourced from R & D Systems (Minneapolis MN). The triple negative breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 were purchased from Food Industry Research and Development Institute (FIRDI) and Culture Collection and Research Center (CCRC, Taiwan, ROC). Both cell line were cultured with DMEM medium (Gibco®, Grand Island, NY, USA) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Biological Industries, Kibbutz Beit HaEmek, Israel).
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2

Evaluating Oxaliplatin Resistance in HCC

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For this study, 6- to 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were purchased from SLAC Laboratory Animal Co, Ltd (Shanghai, China). For subcutaneous tumor models, a total of 5 × 106 HCC cells were inoculated into the right flank of the mice. The mice were monitored every 3 days and the tumor volumes were measured using the following formula: length × width2 × 0.5 (mm3). For orthotopic tumor xenograft models, tumors from subcutaneous tumor tissues were minced into 2-mm3 cubes and transplanted to the livers of WT C57BL/6 mice. At the study end point, the weight of each tumor was assessed. For drug treatment, the tumor-bearing mice were treated with 10 mg/kg oxaliplatin (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) intraperitoneally (IP) weekly for up to 21 days. To evaluate the efficacy of PD-L1 and MDSC blockade on oxaliplatin-resistant HCC, Hepa 1-6–OXA–control or Hepa 1-6–OXA–shMyc–bearing mice were treated with anti–Gr-1 antibody (200 μg/mouse, IP, every 3 days; Bio X cell, NH), anti-CCL5 antibody (20 ug/mouse, intratumorally, every 3 days; R&D Systems), or anti–PD-L1 antibody (200 μg, IP, every 3 days; Bio X cell). The control mice were treated with an isotype control antibody (Bio X cell) or vehicle (phosphate-buffered saline). The mice were killed humanely after treatments and the blood, spleen, and tumor samples were collected for analysis.
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3

Measuring NK-92 Cell Chemotaxis

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To measure NK-92 cell migration by chemotaxis assay, 2 × 105 NK-92 cells were seeded in the upper chamber of a 24-well Transwell plate with 100 μL serum free-medium, and 600 μL of conditioned media collected from the supernatant of AsPC-1 cells with or without cGAMP stimulation was placed in the lower chamber of the 24-well Transwell plate (5 μm pore size, Corning, USA). The cells were cultured in the incubator at 37°C under 5% CO2 for 8 h. Furthermore, NK-92 cells were pre-incubated with 1 μM anti-CCL5 antibody (R&D, USA) to block CCL5-mediated cell migration. Finally, the number of NK-92 cells that migrated to the lower chamber was counted and the data was presented as a percentage of migration based on total cell input.
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4

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Expression

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Cells were harvested using a cell extract solution [50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.6), 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 1% TritonX-100, 0.1% Protease Inhibitor Cocktail (Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto, Japan)] and then centrifuged at 4°C, 15,000 × g for 10 min. The supernatant was added with 2× sample buffer [0.1 M Tris-HCl (pH 6.8), 4% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 20% glycerol, 0.01% bromophenol blue] and 1% 2-mercaptoethanol. The cells were resolved by 10% SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Proteins were transferred onto polyvinylidene difluoride membranes (MERCK Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). The membranes were blocked with 3% bovine serum albumin in TBS-T at room temperature for 30 min and then incubated at 4°C overnight with primary antibodies, including anti-CCL5 antibody (R&D Systems, 1:1000), anti-HSP70 antibody (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA, 1:1000), and anti-β-actin antibody (Cell Signaling Technology, 1:1000). The membranes were washed three times with TBS-T for 10 min and then incubated with a secondary antibody [horseradish peroxidase-linked anti-mouse or anti-rabbit IgG (Cell Signaling Technology, 1:5000)] at room temperature for 1 h. The signal for each protein was visualized using enhanced chemiluminescence detection (Nacalai Tesque) and ChemiDoc TM XRS+. Each band was quantified using ImageJ software (https://imagej.nih.gov/ij/).
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