5 lox

DPPH, β-carotene, linoleic acid, chloroform, 5-LOX, α-tocopherol, Griess reagent, glycerol mono-oleate, sodium nitroprusside, sodium sulfate, 95% ethanol, Tween20, and Tween40 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Methanol, l-ascorbic acid, 99% sodium chloride, and sodium phosphate dibasic were purchased from J.T. Baker (Phillipsburg, NJ, USA). l-Tyrosine and tyrosinase were purchased from Worthington (Lakewood, NJ, USA). 96% α-Bisabolol, 96% citronellal, and 95% citronellol were purchased From Alfa Aesar (Heysham, UK). Modified letheen broth was purchased from Oxoid (Basingstoke, UK). Agar, yeast extract, malt extract, peptone, and malt extract broth were purchased from HiMedia (Mumbai, India). Dextrose anhydrous was purchased from Nihon Shiyaku Reagent (Tokyo, Japan). Deionized distilled water was purified by the Milli-Q system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).

For anti-inflammatory in vitro assay, the enzyme COX-2 (Catalog no. C0858) and 5-LOX (Catalog no. 437996) were acquired from the Sigma-Aldrich GmbH, USA. The substrate arachidonic acid (CAT no. 150384), linoleic acid (CAS no. 60-33-3), and their cofactor solution materials TMPD (CAS no. 637-01-4), hematin (CAS no. 15489-90-4), and glutathione (CAS no. 70-18-8) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Germany. Carrageenan (CAS no. 9064-67-7), naloxone, and AA (CAS No: 506-32-1) were also acquired from Sigma-Aldrich, Germany. Buffer solution containing KH₂PO₄ and K₂HPO₄ and solvents employed were of pure class. Celecoxib and Montelukast was purchased from Pfizer pharmaceutical and Libra (Pvt.) Limited. Tramadol and Diclofenac were purchased from Alliance Pharmaceuticals, Pakistan.