11 deoxycorticosterone

Patulin (CAS: 149-29-1; 98% purity; Figure 1A) was purchased from J&K Scientific (Beijing, China). Corticosterone, cortisone, Corticosterone, and 11-deoxyCorticosterone were obtained from Steraloids headquartered in Newport, RI, USA. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), phosphate-buffer saline (PBS, pH 7.2, 0.01 M), sucrose, acetonitrile, dithiothreitol, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA), testosterone-d5 (T-d5) was from Zzbio (Shanghai, China), TRIzol from Invitrogen located in Carlsbad, CA, USA, Immulite2000 T progesterone kits from the China National Medical Supply Chain Service (Hangzhou, China), and rat LH and FSH ELISA kits from Jianglai (Shanghai, China). The ELISA kit for rat E2 was purchased from Westang (catalog no. F15321, Shanghai, China). Male Sprague Dawley rats (14 days of age in litters) were acquired from Shanghai Animal Center in China. The feed (normal chow, catalog no. mk031) for rats was purchased from China Sipeifu Biotechnology Co. (Beijing, China). The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Wenzhou Medical University approved the animal experiments (wydw2023-0281), which were conducted following the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.