Sucralose

The following compounds and toxin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, United States): Acesulfame K, aspartame, D-fructose, sucrose, sodium saccharin, monellin, thaumatin, rebaudioside A, lactisole, somatostatin, epidermal growth factor (EGF), SFLLR, Pertussis toxin (PTx), latrunculin A, wortmannin, GW583340, Tyrphostin AG 1478 and GF109203x. Stevioside was from Emperors Herbologists (Jacksonville, FL, United States). P-4000, SC-45647 and superaspartame were gifts from Grant Dubois (the Coca-Cola Company, Atlanta, GA). Sucralose was from Toronto Research Chemicals, Inc. (North York, Ontario, Canada). Alitame (Aclame™) was a generous gift from Danisco (Terre Haute, IN, United States). Neotame was from the NutraSweet Company (Chicago, IL, United States). Dulcin was from Maybridge Chemical Company (Cornwall, United Kingdom). S1P, U1026 and GSK269962 were from Tocris Biosciences (Minneapolis, MN). S819, S5227 (Zhang et al., 2008 (link)), S679 (Tachdjian et al., 2009 ) and S1313 (Tachdjian et al., 2010 ) were synthesized in house.

The Sucralose concentrations were determined in duplicate samples representing controls and nominal concentrations of 5, 50, 500 and 5000 µgL⁻¹; for logistical reasons, only 50% of all treatment samples and controls were analysed (Table S1 in File S1), which was considered acceptable given the low between-replicate variability in the analyzed samples. Sucralose (purity 98%) and Sucralose-d6 (surrogate standard, isotopic purity >98%) were purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals Inc. (North York, Canada). Ammonium hydroxide 25% (puriss) was purchased from Fluka (Buchs, Switzerland). Methanol (LichroSolve) was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Water was of milli-Q grade from a milli-Q ultrapure water system, MilliQ PLUS 185 from Millipore (Stockholm, Sweden). Sucralose was extracted from the water samples by solid phase extraction [2] . Briefly, surrogate standard was added to 5 mL of water sample and Sucralose was enriched on an Oasis HLB 60 mg 3 cc cartridge (Waters corp.). After elution with 2 mL methanol and change of solvent, the concentrations of Sucralose were determined by electrospray LC/MS/MS.