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5 protocols using ptm 901

1

Antibodies for Histone Modifications Analysis

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Rabbit polyclonal antibodies against H2B (abcam, ab1790, 1:2000 dilution for WB), H3K9ac (Merck, 07-352, 1:1000 dilution for WB), H3K18ac (abcam, ab1181, 1:1000 dilution for WB), and pan-Kma (PTM-Biolabs, PTM-901, 1:1000 dilution for WB), a rabbit monoclonal antibody against p300 (Cell Signaling Technology, 54062, 1:1000 dilution for WB), and mouse monoclonal antibodies against H2BK120ac (1 μg/mL for WB) and H3K27ac (Merck, 05-1334, 1:1000 dilution for WB) were used for western blot and ChIP assay. The monoclonal antibody against H2BK120ac was generated as described previously15 (link). Secondary antibodies, anti-rabbit HRP (Cell Signaling Technology, 7074S, 1:5000 for WB) and anti-mouse HRP (GE Healthcare Life Sciences, NA931V, 1:10000 for WB or Jackson ImmunoResearch, 515-035-003, 1:10000 for WB) were also used for western blot. Normal rabbit IgG (SantaCruz, sc-2027) and Normal mouse IgG (SantaCruz, sc-2025) were also used for ChIP assay. The amounts of antibodies used for ChIP assay were indicated in Supplementary Methods section.
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2

Detection of Malonylated Proteins

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Proteins (20 μg) of tachyzoites were electrophoresed on 12% SDS-PAGE and transferred to PVDF membrane. TBST buffer (25 mM Tris–HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 0.1% Tween20, pH 8.0) with 5% BSA was used to block the membrane for 60 min. Then, the membrane was incubated with anti-malonyllysine antibody (1:500, catalog no. PTM-901; PTM Biolabs, Hangzhou, China) in TBST with 2.5% BSA overnight at 4°C. The membrane was washed three times with TBST, followed by incubation with horseradish-peroxidase-conjugated Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (1:5000; Thermo) for 60 min at room temperature. After washing the membrane three times, an ECL kit was used for protein visualization.
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3

Kidney Malonylation Analysis via Immunofluorescence

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Kidney sections were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (Electron Microscopy Sciences) overnight at room temperature. Sections were paraffin embedded and cut into 3-μm sections for analysis. Slides were deparaffinized and incubated at 95 °C in antigen-unmasking solution (H-3300, Vector laboratories) for 2 h. Sections were blocked and permeabilized with 10% donkey serum and 0.5% Tween-20, respectively. Sections were incubated with pan anti-malonyllysine (PTM-901, PTM-biolabs) and Lotus Tetragonolobus Lectin tagged with Fluorescein (FL-1321-2, Vector laboratories) overnight at 4 °C. Sections were then incubated with anti-rabbit IgG Alexa Fluor 647 (A-31573, Thermo Fisher). Resulting sections were visualized with Leica SP5 Confocal TCS Microscope. Semiquantitation of immunofluorescence malonylation signals was analyzed with Leica Application Suite Lite 2.6.3.
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4

Histone Post-Translational Modification Profiling

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2 μg of full-length acylated histones H3 or H4 from in vitro reactions were spotted onto a nitrocellulose membrane. The membrane was blocked with either 5% BSA or 5% nonfat milk and incubated with the primary antibodies at 1:1,000 dilution (pan anti-crotonyl-lysine: PTM-501, pan anti-propionyl-lysine: PTM-201, pan anti-malonyl-lysine: PTM-901, pan anti-succinyl-lysine: PTM-401, pan anti-butyryl-lysine: PTM-301, pan anti-glytaryl-lysine: PTM-1151, all purchased from PTM-Biolabs, Hangzhou, China) according to the manufacturers’ instructions overnight at 4 °C. The membrane was washed with TBS-T three times for 10 min each, incubated with secondary antibody (Goat anti-Rabbit IgG Fc, Pierce 31463) at a 1:10,000 dilution for 60 min at room temperature and then probed with ECL Western Blot Substrate (Pierce).
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5

Immunohistochemistry of Kidney Tissue

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Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded 2- to 3-micron sections were obtained from renal biopsies in the archives of the University of Michigan Department of Pathology. Human kidney biopsies were dewaxed, rehydrated, and subjected to heat-induced antigen retrieval by incubating in 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 6.0, ab93678, Abcam) using the 2100 Antigen Retriever. Endogenous peroxidase was blocked with 0.3% hydrogen peroxide (H1009, Sigma) in Tris-buffered saline (TBS, pH 7.4) for 30 min. Sections were blocked with 10% normal goat serum in 5% bovine serum albumin at room temperature for 2 h. Sections were incubated with primary antibodies, Kmal (1:150, PTM-901, PTM Biolabs) or Sirt5 (1:250, PA5-31029, Invitrogen), diluted in Da Vinci Green (PD900L, Biocare Medical) at 4 ˚C overnight. Antibody bindings were detected by using secondary antibody, Alexa Fluor 488 goat anti-rabbit IgG (green, 1:300, A11034) at room temperature for 1 h. The sections were mounted with gold antifade reagent with DAPI (P36931, Invitrogen). An Olympus DP70 Digital Microscope was used to take pictures by ×20 magnification lenses. Fluorescent signal was quantified with ImageJ.
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