Fetal bovine serum (fbs)

Manufactured by ZenBio

Sourced in United States

FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. It is a complex mixture of proteins, hormones, and other growth factors that provide essential nutrients and support the growth and survival of a wide variety of cell types in cell culture applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

Epidermal growth factor (egf), by R&D Systems (4 mentions) Fibroblast growth factor (fgf), by R&D Systems (4 mentions) Transforming growth factor β1, by R&D Systems (4 mentions) Penicillin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Streptomycin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Corning (2 mentions) Gentamicin, by Avantor (2 mentions) Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by USA Scientific (2 mentions) Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem), by Avantor (2 mentions) Esf 921 media, by Expression Systems (2 mentions) Hek293t cell, by American Type Culture Collection (2 mentions) Freestyle 293 expression medium, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Expi293 expression medium, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Expi293 cell, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Dexamethasone (dex), by Merck Group (2 mentions) Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem), by Corning (1 mentions) Adipocyte differentiation media, by ZenBio (1 mentions) Adipocyte maintenance media, by ZenBio (1 mentions) Penicillin, by ZenBio (1 mentions)

13 protocols using fetal bovine serum (fbs)

Isolation and Culture of Primary Gingival and Bone Marrow Stem Cells

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Gingival tissues were obtained as remnants of discarded tissues from healthy human subjects aged from 20 to 40 years old, who underwent a dental procedure following informed consents. All procedures were approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at University of Pennsylvania. Primary GMSCs were isolated, cultured and ex vivo expanded in complete alpha-minimum essential medium (α-MEM) supplemented with 1% L-glutamine, 10% FBS (Zen Bio), and 1% penicillin/streptomycin at 37 °C with 5% CO₂^{35 (link)}. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) were derived from bone marrow aspirations from healthy donors (Upenn Human Immunology Core) and cultured in complete alpha-minimum essential medium (α-MEM) supplemented with 1% L-glutamine, 10% FBS (Zen Bio), and 1% penicillin/streptomycin at 37 °C with 5% CO₂. Cells less than six passages were used for experiments.

Zhang Q., Nguyen P., Burrell J.C., Zeng J., Shi S., Shanti R.M., Kulischak G., Cullen D.K, & Le A.D. (2021). Harnessing 3D collagen hydrogel-directed conversion of human GMSCs into SCP-like cells to generate functionalized nerve conduits. NPJ Regenerative Medicine, 6, 59.

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Culture Protocols for Osteosarcoma, Trabecular, and Corneal Cells

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Control and 11778(G>A) LHON mutation carrying osteosarcoma cybrid cells were gifts of Valerio Carelli and Andrea Martinuzzi.^{16 (link)} Cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM; Corning, Inc., Corning, NY, USA) supplemented with 2 mM l-glutamine, 100 mM sodium pyruvate, 10% fetal bovine serum (Corning, Inc.), 50 μg/mL uridine and antibiotics (50 units/mL of penicillin/50 μg/mL of streptomycin; Gibco, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) under humidified 5% CO₂ at 37°C.
The human TM–derived cell line, HTM3, was a gift from Alcon Laboratories.^{2 (link),27 (link)} Trabecular cells were maintained in serum-free DMEM (Gibco) supplemented with 4 mM l-glutamine, 10% fetal bovine serum, and 50 μg/mL gentamicin, under humidified 5% CO₂ atmosphere at 37°C.
Human corneal epithelial progenitor cells were obtained from Zen-Bio, Inc. (Cat# HCEP; Research Triangle Park, NC, USA). These cells were cultured in epithelial culture medium (CnT-Prime; Zen-Bio, Inc.), supplemented with 50 units/mL of penicillin/50 μg/mL of streptomycin (Gibco), and under humidified 5% CO₂ at 37°C.

Datta S., Baudouin C., Brignole-Baudouin F., Denoyer A, & Cortopassi G.A. (2017). The Eye Drop Preservative Benzalkonium Chloride Potently Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Preferentially Affects LHON Mutant Cells. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 58(4), 2406-2412.

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Adipocyte Differentiation of Primary Human White Preadipocytes

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In vitro experiments were done using commercially available primary human white preadipocytes (HWP) isolated from subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue of lean and obese subjects (Zen‐Bio Inc, North Carolina). Cells were grown in subcutaneous preadipocyte growth media containing growth supplements and fetal bovine serum (Zen‐Bio) to confluence and differentiated in the presence of adipocyte differentiation media (Zen‐Bio) for 7 days followed by additional growth for 7 days in adipocyte maintenance media (Zen‐Bio). After the 14 days of initiation of differentiation, experiments were conducted following overnight incubation in basal media (Zen‐Bio) lacking supplements and serum.

Singh P., Zhang Y., Sharma P., Covassin N., Soucek F., Friedman P.A, & Somers V.K. (2018). Statins decrease leptin expression in human white adipocytes. Physiological Reports, 6(2), e13566.

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Isolation and Culture of Human ASCs

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ASCs, originally isolated from the subcutaneous fat of healthy human, non-diabetic, non-smoking female donors, aged 18-60 years (N = 7), were purchased from Zen-Bio, Inc. (superlot #36; Research Triangle Park, NC). ASCs were grown in expansion medium consisting of DMEM/F-12 (HyClone), 10% FBS (Zen-Bio), 1% antibiotic/antimycotic (HyClone), 0.25 ng/mL transforming growth factor-β1, 5 ng/mL epidermal growth factor, and 1 ng/mL fibroblast growth factor (R&D Systems) (B. T. Estes, et al., 2008 (link)). ASCs were maintained in humidified incubators at 37°C, 5% CO₂ and passaged at 80% confluence with 0.25% trypsin-EDTA (HyClone). Experiments used ASCs at passage 4-6 (P4-6).
NHFs derived from neonatal human foreskins (a gift from Dr. Jeffrey Morgan) were expanded in high glucose DMEM (DMEM-HG, HyClone), 10% FBS (HyClone), and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (HyClone) (Youssef, et al., 2011 (link)). Experiments used NHFs at P6-9.

Beane O.S., Fonseca V.C, & Darling E.M. (2014). Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Retain their Regenerative Potential after Methotrexate Treatment. Experimental cell research, 327(2), 222-233.

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Stable Expi293 Cell Line for Adiponectin Production

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Expi293 cells (ThermoFisher Scientific) were used to create a stable cell line secreting FLAG-Adiponectin. Cells were maintained using a bioreactor (CELLine Flasks, Wheaton). The cell growth medium of the lower and upper chamber comprised Expi293 Expression Medium (Thermo Fisher) supplemented with 10% FBS (Zen-Bio), 10 μg/mL gentamicin (VWR) and FreeStyle 293 Expression Medium (Life Technologies), supplemented with 10 μg/mL gentamicin (VWR), respectively. Human β₂AR and A_2AR were purified from infected Sf9 cells grown in ESF 921 media (Expression Systems). HEK293T cells (ATCC) for β2AR signaling assays were grown at 37 °C and 5% CO2 in DMEM (+4.5 g/L glucose, +L-glutamine, no sodium pyruvate; VWR) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (USA Scientific).

McMahon C., Baier A.S., Pascolutti R., Wegrecki M., Zheng S., Ong J.X., Erlandson S.C., Hilger D., Rasmussen S.G., Ring A.M., Manglik A, & Kruse A.C. (2018). Yeast surface display platform for rapid discovery of conformationally selective nanobodies. Nature structural & molecular biology, 25(3), 289-296.

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Isolation and Differentiation of Human ASCs

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Example 1

Human ASCs were isolated from the stromal vascular fraction of donated human lipoaspirate, obtained from the abdomen and thigh of a single, 56-year old, female, breast cancer patient using method described in Estes, B. T. et al. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 2008, 99(4):986-995. Prior to use in examples, ASCs were passaged three times in expansion medium consisting of DMEM/F-12 (Hyclone, GE Healthcare Life Sciences, Logan, UT), 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, ZenBio, Research Triangle Park, NC), 1% antibiotic/animycotic (Hyclone), supplemented with 5 ng/mL epidermal growth factor, 1 ng/mL fibroblast growth factor, and 0.25 ng/mL transforming growth factor-β1 (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN; Estes et al. 2008).

For differentiation examples, cells were exposed either to adipogenic or control (stromal) medium. Control medium consisted of DMEM/F-12 supplemented with 10% FBS, and 1% antibiotic/antimycotic. Adipogenic medium consisted of control medium supplemented with 0.5 μM 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, 10 μM insulin, 200 μM indomethacin, and 1 μM dexamethasone (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) (Zheng et al. 2006). Media was refreshed every two days for all examples and ASC expansion.

US11772061B2. Methods of fabricating hyper compliant polymer particles and methods of use and compositions (2023-10-03). Brown University [US]. Inventors: Eric M. Darling [US], Nicholas R. Labriola [US], Edith Mathiowitz [US].

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Expansion of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

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Human adipose-derived stem cell superlot #36 (comprised of 5 female donors) (Zen-Bio, Inc.) passage 4 to 6 were cultured in medium consisting of DMEM/F-12, 1% antibiotic/antimycotic (Hyclone), 10% FBS (Zen-Bio, Inc.), 1 ng/mL fibroblast growth factor, 5 ng/mL epidermal growth factor, and 0.25 ng/mL transforming growth factor-β1 (R&D Systems) and expanded at 37°C in 5% CO₂. Once 80– 90% confluent, cell monolayers were washed once with DMEM/F-12 and uplifted using 0.05% trypsin and incubated for 5 minutes at 37°C in 5% CO2. Trypsin was neutralized using culture medium and cell were then concentrated by centrifugation at 400 g for 5 minutes. Cells were resuspended in culture medium and counted prior to experimentation[16 (link), 22 , 23 (link)].

Gutierrez R.A., Fang W., Kesari H, & Darling E.M. (2021). Force sensors for measuring microenvironmental forces during mesenchymal condensation. Biomaterials, 270, 120684.

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Stable Expi293 Cell Line for Adiponectin Production

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Mature Adipocyte Differentiation from ASCs

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The adipose stem cells derived from normal or type 2 diabetic patients were purchased from Zenbio^™. These are tested in culture to differentiate into mature adipocytes and show accumulation of lipid and secrete adiponectin and leptin. At the start of all experiments, cells were grown to confluency such that all cells are synchronized and then differentiated. The cells were cultured as follows. ASC were passaged with preadipocyte medium (PM-1; DMEM/Ham’s F-12 medium, HEPES, FBS, penicillin, streptomycin, amphotericin B; ZenBio^™) and then plated at 50,000 cells/cm² with PM-1. Cells were fed every other day with PM-1 until confluent. To induce differentiation, PM-1 medium was replaced with differentiation medium (DM2; ZenBio^™) which included biotin, pantothenate, human insulin, dexamethasone, isobutylmethylxanthine and a PPARγ agonist (Days 0–7). After 7 days, DM-2 medium was replaced with Adipocyte Medium (AM1; ZenBio^™; Days 7–14), which included PM-1, biotin, pantothenate, human insulin and dexamethasone. By Day 14, cells contained large lipid droplets and were considered mature adipocytes. Cells were maintained at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO2 atmosphere.

Tong H.H., Blue L.E., James M.A., Chen Y.P, & DeMaria T.F. (2000). Evaluation of Phase Variation of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Lipooligosaccharide during Nasopharyngeal Colonization and Development of Otitis Media in the Chinchilla Model. Infection and Immunity, 68(8), 4593-4597.

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Mechanical Characterization of Cell Types

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Passage 7 NHF, MG-63, KGN, HEK293T, and SH-SY5Y cells were cultured until 80–90% confluence before being used for experiments. NHF and KGN cells were cultured in High glucose, Dulbecco Modified Eagle’s Medium (hg DMEM, Hyclone, GE Healthcare, UT) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Zen-Bio, NC), and 1% penicillin and streptomycin (P/S, Hyclone). MG-63 and HEK293T cells were cultured in Minimum Essential Medium Eagle (MEM 1X, Cellgro, VA) containing 10% FBS, and 1% P/S. SH-SY5Y cells were cultured in hg DMEM, 10% FBS, 1% P/S, and 1% glutamine. For whole-cell mechanical tests, 2.5 × 10⁴ cells were seeded on square, glass coverslips (18 mm × 18 mm) placed in 50 mm culture dishes, given cell type-specific media, and allowed to attach and spread at 37°C for two days prior to testing.

González-Cruz R.D., Sadick J.S., Fonseca V.C, & Darling E.M. (2018). Nuclear Lamin Protein C Is Linked to Lineage-Specific, Whole-Cell Mechanical Properties. Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering, 11(2), 131-142.

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