Pcr primers

Total DNA extraction from approximately 50 mg of 10-day fresh mycelium was performed using commercial DNA isolation kits following the manufacturer’s protocol. The PCR amplification of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) region was carried out using gpd1 and gpd2 [32 (link)]. The amplification of RNA polymerase’s second largest subunit (rpb2) region was performed using RPB2–5F2 [33 (link)] and RPB2–7cR [34 (link)]. The Alternaria major allergen gene (Alt-a 1) region was amplified using primers alt-for and alt-rev [33 (link)]. The PCR components and amplification conditions were obtained as described by Woudenberg et al. [30 (link)]. The amplified amplicons were sequenced in both directions using PCR primers at Macrogen (South Korea) following the manufacturer’s instructions. The newly generated sequences in this study were deposited in the GenBank database (Table S1).

PCR fragment of speC gene of Salmonella Pullorum was purified with agarose gel extraction kit Qiaquick (Qiagen, Germany). Sequence analysis of this fragment was performed using the same PCR primers (Macrogen Inc., Seoul, Korea).

Agarose, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethidium bromide, hydrogen peroxide, paraformaldehyde, sucrose, Thioflavin-S- stain, Tris EDTA (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), biotin labeled 4G8 antibody (BioLegend, San Diego, CA, USA), boric acid (Serva, Heidelberg, Germany), DNA extraction kit (BioShop® Canada, Burlington, ON, Canada), cDNA synthesis kit (ABM, Vancouver, BC, Canada), DNA ladders (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA), entellan (Electron Microscopy Sciences, Hatfield, PA, USA), ethanol, diethyl ether (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), formaldehyde (BDH Chemicals Ltd, Poole, UK), 2X PCR master mix, Taq polymerase, skim milk, PCR grade water, formic acid (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), Imm PACT DAB, Elite ABC kit (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA), paraffin wax (Bio Optica Milano, Spa, Milan, Italy), PCR primers (Macrogen, Seoul, Korea), Superfrost* Plus microscope slides (Dako, Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA), TRI-reagent (BioShop® Canada, Burlington, ON, Canada), tris, tween 80 (Scharlau, Barcelona, Spain), and triton X-100 (Duksan, Kyungkido, Korea), and xylene (Lab Scan Ltd, Dublin, Ireland) were used in this study.

Human head and neck cancer AMC-HN4 cells were obtained from Asan Medical Center. MDA-MB-231, U87MG, and EA.hy926 cells were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). Primary cultured human mesangial cells (Cryo NHMC) were purchased from Clonetics (San Diego, CA, USA). The cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium that contained 10% fetal bovine serum, 20 mM Hepes buffer, and 100 μg/ml gentamicin. The PCR primers were purchased from Macrogen, Inc. (Seoul, Korea), and the other chemicals were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). NAC and Trolox were obtained from Calbiochem (San Diego, CA, USA). The anti-Bcl-2, anti-Bcl-xL, anti-Mcl-1, anti-XIAP, anti-Nrf2, and anti-PARP antibodies were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). The anti-cleaved caspase-3 and anti-cIAP1 antibodies were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). The anti-pro-caspase-3 and anti-c-FLIP antibodies was obtained from ALEXIS Corporation (San Diego, CA, USA). The anti-PSMA5 antibody was purchased from Cell Signaling Technology. The anti-peroxiredoxin-SO₃ antibody was purchased from AbFRONTIER (Seoul, Korea). The anti-actin antibody was obtained from Sigma. The human Mcl-1 and c-FLIP expression vectors were constructed as described previously.^{47 (link), 48 (link)}

The 2-(hydroxyl-(3-nitrophenyl)methyl)cyclopentanone was gifted by Dr. Muhammad Naveed Umar (Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan). Acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, acetylthiocholine iodide, butyrylthiocholine iodide, 5,5-dithiobis(2-nitro-benzoic)acid, galantaminehydrobromide,1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, hydrogen peroxide, trichloroacetic acid, sodium citrate, glutathione-S-transferase, l-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium hydroxide, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, boric acid, agarose, and ethidium bromide were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). DNA extraction kit (Novel Genomic DNA Mini Kit), TRI-reagent (Bioshop, Burlington, ON, Canada), Tris (Scharlu, Barcelona, Spain), cDNA synthesis kit (ABM, Milton, ON, Canada), PCR primers (Macrogen, Seoul, Korea), PCR Master Mix, Taq polymerase (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), DNA Ladder, dNTPs, magnesium chloride (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) were purchased from local suppliers.